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Associate Professor Carl Stephan
Associate Professor

Carl Stephan

Email: 
Phone: 
+61 7 336 57485

Overview

Background

Assoc. Prof. Stephan is an anatomist and forensic anthropologist with research interests in skeletal analysis and identification in the medicolegal setting. Specifcally these research interests include: craniofacial identification, radiographic comparison, trauma, unmingling of skeletons, biological profile estimations and standards of practice. Carl heads the Laboratory for Human Craniofacial and Skeletal Identification (HuCS-ID Lab), and is Chief Anatomist at The University of Queensland (UQ) School of Anatomy.

Carl is a Fellow of The American Academy of Forensic Sciences and recent past President of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification. Carl served as Special Issue Managing Guest Editor for Forensic Science International, Latest Progress in Craniofacial Identification, 2018. He has been Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Forensic Sciences (2013-23) and Associate Editor of Forensic Anthropology (2016-20). Carl founded the SBMS Skeletal Collection and Skeletisation Program at UQ in late 2014, re-energising forensic osteology within the UQ School of Anatomy and more broadly within the School of Biomedical Sciences.

Carl's prior appointments include forensic anthropology analyst with the Iraq Mass Graves Investigation Team (USA Army Corps of Engineers on behalf of the USA Department of Justice) and ORISE researcher at the USA Department of Defence Central Identification Laboratory in Hawaii. He often now serves as an external consultant to the USA Defence POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA). At UQ and as Chief Anatomist and School of Anatomy manager, Carl works very closely with the SBMS Gross Anatomy Facility, in all matters of anatomy teaching, research and governance management.

Working in joint with the GAF Manager, Carl has cross adapted ISO17025 style practices and auditing procedures to the UQ School of Anatomy space and introduced the first Code-of-Practice for Use of Human Tissues within the UQ School of Anatomy since its inauguration (1927). These accreditation-style policies and procedures are further implemented and expanded in the HuCS-ID Lab, providing vital learning experiences and skill sets for Honours and Higher Research Degree students wanting to pursue careers in forensic science. New data analytic, casework and research tools developed by the HuCS-ID Lab and in the statistical environment of R, are freely and routinely released for others to use at the website: CRANIOFACIALidentification.com.

Carl's research outputs currently exceed 100 total scientific publications, including more than 85 full-length research articles..

Availability

Associate Professor Carl Stephan is:
Available for supervision

Qualifications

  • Bachelor of Science, University of Adelaide
  • Bachelor (Honours) of Science (Advanced), University of Adelaide
  • Doctor of Philosophy, University of Adelaide
  • Postgraduate Diploma in Education, The University of Queensland

Research impacts

AP Stephan's research contributions are widely recognized in the international forensic anthropology space, especially in craniofacial identification and radiographic comparison. Carl's contributions result in, or assist, identifications around the globe and, in the USA, almost on a weekly basis.

A prime example of AP Stephan's research impact is regarding Chest X-Ray Comparison (CXR) protocols established directly from his applied research, which have been officially reviewed, approved and authorized by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense Health Affairs, USA Armed Forces Medical Examiner System (2017) to assist the DPAA mission of identifying fallen US Soldiers. Every few weeks these methods contribute to new and additional identifications of US fallen soldiers from the Korean War and World War II (and notably in cases where DNA identification cannot be used): https://www.dpaa.mil/News-Stories/ID-Announcements/.

Other casework impact includes skeletal analysis of individuals from mass graves in Iraq for the Regime Crimes Liaison Office (RCLO) via work for the Iraq Mass Graves Investigation Team (IMGT; 2005).

Carl holds a Scopus H-index of 30 (or 38 in Google Scholar), a total citation count of >2,300 (Scopus), and a SciVal Field-Weighted Citation Impact of 1.8 (last 10 years).

Works

Search Professor Carl Stephan’s works on UQ eSpace

95 works between 2001 and 2024

21 - 40 of 95 works

2018

Journal Article

Clinical examination of the extensor pollicis brevis: anatomical study and description of a novel clinical sign

Lonne, Michael, Sparks, David S., Stephan, Carl, Wagels, Michael and Berger, Anthony (2018). Clinical examination of the extensor pollicis brevis: anatomical study and description of a novel clinical sign. The Journal of Hand Surgery Asian-Pacific Volume, 23 (3), 330-335. doi: 10.1142/S2424835518500315

Clinical examination of the extensor pollicis brevis: anatomical study and description of a novel clinical sign

2018

Journal Article

Computational tools in forensic anthropology: the value for open source licensing as a standard

Lynch, Jeffrey James and Stephan, Carl N. (2018). Computational tools in forensic anthropology: the value for open source licensing as a standard. Forensic Anthropology, 1 (4), 228-243. doi: 10.5744/fa.2018.0025

Computational tools in forensic anthropology: the value for open source licensing as a standard

2018

Journal Article

Letter to the Editor - A Code of Practice for the Establishment and Use of Authentic Human Skeleton Collections in Forensic Anthropology

Stephan, Carl N. and Ross, Ann H. (2018). Letter to the Editor - A Code of Practice for the Establishment and Use of Authentic Human Skeleton Collections in Forensic Anthropology. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 63 (5), 1604-1607. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13859

Letter to the Editor - A Code of Practice for the Establishment and Use of Authentic Human Skeleton Collections in Forensic Anthropology

2018

Journal Article

Changes in face topography from supine-to-upright position - and soft tissue correction values for craniofacial identification

Munn, Lachlan and Stephan, Carl N. (2018). Changes in face topography from supine-to-upright position - and soft tissue correction values for craniofacial identification. Forensic Science International, 289, 40-50. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.05.016

Changes in face topography from supine-to-upright position - and soft tissue correction values for craniofacial identification

2018

Journal Article

TDStats-A fast standardized capability for facial soft tissue thickness analysis in R

Stephan, Carl N. (2018). TDStats-A fast standardized capability for facial soft tissue thickness analysis in R. Forensic Science International, 289, 304-309. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.05.039

TDStats-A fast standardized capability for facial soft tissue thickness analysis in R

2018

Journal Article

The utility of elliptical Fourier analysis for estimating ancestry and sex from lateral skull photographs

Caple, Jodi M., Byrd, John E. and Stephan, Carl N. (2018). The utility of elliptical Fourier analysis for estimating ancestry and sex from lateral skull photographs. Forensic Science International, 289, 352-362. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.06.009

The utility of elliptical Fourier analysis for estimating ancestry and sex from lateral skull photographs

2018

Journal Article

Facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) estimation models-And the strength of correlations between craniometric dimensions and FSTTs

Stephan, Carl N. and Sievwright, Emma (2018). Facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) estimation models-And the strength of correlations between craniometric dimensions and FSTTs. Forensic Science International, 286, 128-140. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.03.011

Facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) estimation models-And the strength of correlations between craniometric dimensions and FSTTs

2018

Journal Article

Error measurement in craniometrics: the comparative performance of four popular assessment methods using 2000 simulated cranial length datasets (g-op)

Fancourt, Hayley S. M. and Stephan, Carl N. (2018). Error measurement in craniometrics: the comparative performance of four popular assessment methods using 2000 simulated cranial length datasets (g-op). Forensic Science International, 285, 162-171. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.02.008

Error measurement in craniometrics: the comparative performance of four popular assessment methods using 2000 simulated cranial length datasets (g-op)

2018

Journal Article

A workshop on Gerasimov's plastic facial reconstruction - 17th Meeting of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification, Brisbane, July, 2017

Stephan, Carl N. (2018). A workshop on Gerasimov's plastic facial reconstruction - 17th Meeting of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification, Brisbane, July, 2017. Anthropologie: International Journal of Human Diversity and Evolution, 56 (1), 68-72. doi: 10.26720/anthro.18.02.12.1

A workshop on Gerasimov's plastic facial reconstruction - 17th Meeting of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification, Brisbane, July, 2017

2018

Conference Publication

Latest progress in craniofacial identification: 17th Biennial Meeting of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification (IACI), Brisbane, 15–19 July 2017

Stephan, Carl N. and Guyomarc'h, Pierre (2018). Latest progress in craniofacial identification: 17th Biennial Meeting of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification (IACI), Brisbane, 15–19 July 2017. 17th Biennial Meeting of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification (IACI), Brisbane, Australia, 15–19 July 2017. Shannon, Clare Ireland: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.11.018

Latest progress in craniofacial identification: 17th Biennial Meeting of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification (IACI), Brisbane, 15–19 July 2017

2018

Book Chapter

Skeletal identification by radiographic comparison of the cervicothoracic region on chest radiographs

Stephan, Carl N., D'Alonzo, Susan S., Wilson, Emily K., Guyomarc'h, Pierre, Berg, Gregory E. and Byrd, John E. (2018). Skeletal identification by radiographic comparison of the cervicothoracic region on chest radiographs. New perspectives in forensic human skeletal identification. (pp. 277-292) edited by Krista E. Latham, Eric J. Bartelink and Michael Finnegan. London, Untied Kingdom: Academic Press, Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-805429-1.00024-7

Skeletal identification by radiographic comparison of the cervicothoracic region on chest radiographs

2017

Journal Article

In vivo facial soft tissue thicknesses of adult Australians

Stephan, Carl N. and Preisler, Rory (2017). In vivo facial soft tissue thicknesses of adult Australians. Forensic Science International, 282, 220.e1-220.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.11.014

In vivo facial soft tissue thicknesses of adult Australians

2017

Journal Article

Erratum to: Photo-realistic statistical skull morphotypes: new exemplars for ancestry and sex estimation in forensic anthropology (vol 62, pg 562, 2017)

Caple, Jodi and Stephan, Carl N. (2017). Erratum to: Photo-realistic statistical skull morphotypes: new exemplars for ancestry and sex estimation in forensic anthropology (vol 62, pg 562, 2017). Journal of Forensic Sciences, 62 (6), 1688-1688. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13681

Erratum to: Photo-realistic statistical skull morphotypes: new exemplars for ancestry and sex estimation in forensic anthropology (vol 62, pg 562, 2017)

2017

Journal Article

Photo-realistic statistical skull morphotypes: new exemplars for ancestry and sex estimation in forensic anthropology

Caple, Jodi and Stephan, Carl N. (2017). Photo-realistic statistical skull morphotypes: new exemplars for ancestry and sex estimation in forensic anthropology. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 62 (3), 562-572. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13314

Photo-realistic statistical skull morphotypes: new exemplars for ancestry and sex estimation in forensic anthropology

2017

Journal Article

Elliptical Fourier analysis: fundamentals, applications, and value for forensic anthropology

Caple, Jodi, Byrd, John and Stephan, Carl N. (2017). Elliptical Fourier analysis: fundamentals, applications, and value for forensic anthropology. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 131 (6), 1-16. doi: 10.1007/s00414-017-1555-0

Elliptical Fourier analysis: fundamentals, applications, and value for forensic anthropology

2017

Journal Article

Estimating the skull-to-camera distance from facial photographs for craniofacial superimposition

Stephan, Carl N. (2017). Estimating the skull-to-camera distance from facial photographs for craniofacial superimposition. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 62 (4), 850-860. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13353

Estimating the skull-to-camera distance from facial photographs for craniofacial superimposition

2017

Book Chapter

Complexities and remedies of unknown-provenance osteology

Stephan, Carl N., Caple, Jodi M., Veprek, Andrew, Sievwright, Emma, Kippers, Vaughan, Moss, Steve and Fisk, Wesley (2017). Complexities and remedies of unknown-provenance osteology. Commemorations and memorials: exploring the human face of anatomy. (pp. 65-95) edited by Goran Štrkalj and Nalini Pather. Singapore, Singapore: World Scientific. doi: 10.1142/9789813143159_0006

Complexities and remedies of unknown-provenance osteology

2017

Journal Article

A large-sample test of a semi-automated clavicle search engine to assist skeletal identification by radiograph comparison

D'Alonzo, Susan S., Guyomarc'h, Pierre, Byrd, John E. and Stephan, Carl N. (2017). A large-sample test of a semi-automated clavicle search engine to assist skeletal identification by radiograph comparison. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 62 (1), 181-186. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13221

A large-sample test of a semi-automated clavicle search engine to assist skeletal identification by radiograph comparison

2017

Conference Publication

2018 tallied facial soft tissue thicknesses for adults and sub-adults

Stephan, Carl N. (2017). 2018 tallied facial soft tissue thicknesses for adults and sub-adults. 17th Biennial Meeting of the International-Association-for-Craniofacial, Brisbane Australia, Jul, 2017. Shannon, Clare Ireland: ELSEVIER IRELAND. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.09.016

2018 tallied facial soft tissue thicknesses for adults and sub-adults

2016

Journal Article

Turning the tables of sex distinction in craniofacial identification: why females possess thicker facial soft tissues than males, not vice versa

Stephan, Carl N., Preisler, Rory, Bulut, Ozgur and Bennett, Mike (2016). Turning the tables of sex distinction in craniofacial identification: why females possess thicker facial soft tissues than males, not vice versa. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 161 (2), 283-295. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.23029

Turning the tables of sex distinction in craniofacial identification: why females possess thicker facial soft tissues than males, not vice versa

Funding

Past funding

  • 2019
    Advanced Brightfield and Fluorescent High Speed and Throughput Slide Scanner for biological, medical, materials science, and agricultural applications
    UQ Major Equipment and Infrastructure
    Open grant
  • 2016 - 2018
    A fully computerized method of osteometric sorting for pairwise comparisons in large assemblages
    American Academy of Forensic Sciences
    Open grant

Supervision

Availability

Associate Professor Carl Stephan is:
Available for supervision

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Supervision history

Current supervision

  • Doctor Philosophy

    Correlations of human facial soft tissue thickness with body mass in sub-adults and adults as revealed by lateral radiographs and MRI

    Principal Advisor

  • Doctor Philosophy

    Craniofacial Superimposition: Can Machine Learning Improve Focus Distance Estimation from Real-world Facial Photographs

    Principal Advisor

Completed supervision

Media

Enquiries

For media enquiries about Associate Professor Carl Stephan's areas of expertise, story ideas and help finding experts, contact our Media team:

communications@uq.edu.au