
Overview
Background
Assoc. Prof. Stephan is an anatomist and forensic anthropologist with research interests in skeletal analysis and identification in the medicolegal setting. Specifcally these research interests include: craniofacial identification, radiographic comparison, trauma, unmingling of skeletons, biological profile estimations and standards of practice. Carl heads the Laboratory for Human Craniofacial and Skeletal Identification (HuCS-ID Lab), and is Chief Anatomist at The University of Queensland (UQ) School of Anatomy.
Carl is a Fellow of The American Academy of Forensic Sciences and recent past President of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification. Carl served as Special Issue Managing Guest Editor for Forensic Science International, Latest Progress in Craniofacial Identification, 2018. He has been Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Forensic Sciences (2013-23) and Associate Editor of Forensic Anthropology (2016-20). Carl founded the SBMS Skeletal Collection and Skeletisation Program at UQ in late 2014, re-energising forensic osteology within the UQ School of Anatomy and more broadly within the School of Biomedical Sciences.
Carl's prior appointments include forensic anthropology analyst with the Iraq Mass Graves Investigation Team (USA Army Corps of Engineers on behalf of the USA Department of Justice) and ORISE researcher at the USA Department of Defence Central Identification Laboratory in Hawaii. He often now serves as an external consultant to the USA Defence POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA). At UQ and as Chief Anatomist and School of Anatomy manager, Carl works very closely with the SBMS Gross Anatomy Facility, in all matters of anatomy teaching, research and governance management.
Working in joint with the GAF Manager, Carl has cross adapted ISO17025 style practices and auditing procedures to the UQ School of Anatomy space and introduced the first Code-of-Practice for Use of Human Tissues within the UQ School of Anatomy since its inauguration (1927). These accreditation-style policies and procedures are further implemented and expanded in the HuCS-ID Lab, providing vital learning experiences and skill sets for Honours and Higher Research Degree students wanting to pursue careers in forensic science. New data analytic, casework and research tools developed by the HuCS-ID Lab and in the statistical environment of R, are freely and routinely released for others to use at the website: CRANIOFACIALidentification.com.
Carl's research outputs currently exceed 100 total scientific publications, including more than 85 full-length research articles..
Availability
- Associate Professor Carl Stephan is:
- Available for supervision
Fields of research
Qualifications
- Bachelor of Science, University of Adelaide
- Bachelor (Honours) of Science (Advanced), University of Adelaide
- Doctor of Philosophy, University of Adelaide
- Postgraduate Diploma in Education, The University of Queensland
Research impacts
AP Stephan's research contributions are widely recognized in the international forensic anthropology space, especially in craniofacial identification and radiographic comparison. Carl's contributions result in, or assist, identifications around the globe and, in the USA, almost on a weekly basis.
A prime example of AP Stephan's research impact is regarding Chest X-Ray Comparison (CXR) protocols established directly from his applied research, which have been officially reviewed, approved and authorized by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense Health Affairs, USA Armed Forces Medical Examiner System (2017) to assist the DPAA mission of identifying fallen US Soldiers. Every few weeks these methods contribute to new and additional identifications of US fallen soldiers from the Korean War and World War II (and notably in cases where DNA identification cannot be used): https://www.dpaa.mil/News-Stories/ID-Announcements/.
Other casework impact includes skeletal analysis of individuals from mass graves in Iraq for the Regime Crimes Liaison Office (RCLO) via work for the Iraq Mass Graves Investigation Team (IMGT; 2005).
Carl holds a Scopus H-index of 30 (or 38 in Google Scholar), a total citation count of >2,300 (Scopus), and a SciVal Field-Weighted Citation Impact of 1.8 (last 10 years).
Works
Search Professor Carl Stephan’s works on UQ eSpace
2005
Journal Article
The effect of maceration and hydration on cranial dimensions: a study of Oryctologus cuniculus
Adams, E. and Stephan, C. N. (2005). The effect of maceration and hydration on cranial dimensions: a study of Oryctologus cuniculus. Anthropological Review, 68, 65-75.
2005
Book Chapter
Ceiling recognition limits of two-dimensional facial approximations constructed using averages
Stephan, Carl N., Penton-Voak, Ian S., Clement, John G. and Henneberg, Maciej (2005). Ceiling recognition limits of two-dimensional facial approximations constructed using averages. Computer-graphic facial reconstruction. (pp. 199-219) edited by John G. Clement and Murray K. Marks. Boston, United States: Academic Press.
2005
Book Chapter
Two-dimensional computer generated average human face morphology and facial approximation
Stephan,, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perrett, David I., Tiddeman, Bernard P., Clement, John G. and Henneberg, Maciej (2005). Two-dimensional computer generated average human face morphology and facial approximation. Computer-graphic facial reconstruction. (pp. 105-127) edited by John G. Clement and Murray K. Marks. Boston, United States: Academic Press.
2004
Journal Article
A New Rig for Standardized Craniofacial Photography Put to the Test
Stephan, Carl N., Clement, John G., Owen, Chris D., Dobrostanski, Tad and Owen, Allan (2004). A New Rig for Standardized Craniofacial Photography Put to the Test. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 113 (3), 827-833. doi: 10.1097/01.PRS.0000105334.74097.CA
2003
Journal Article
Anthropological Facial 'Reconstruction' - Recognizing the Fallacies, 'Unembracing' the Errors, and Realizing Method Limits
Stephan, Carl N. (2003). Anthropological Facial 'Reconstruction' - Recognizing the Fallacies, 'Unembracing' the Errors, and Realizing Method Limits. Science & Justice, 43 (4), 193-200. doi: 10.1016/S1355-0306(03)71776-6
2003
Journal Article
Predicting mouth width from inter-canine width - a 75% rule
Stephan, C. N. and Henneburg, M. (2003). Predicting mouth width from inter-canine width - a 75% rule. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 48 (4), 725-727.
2003
Journal Article
Predicting nose projection and pronasale position in facial approximation: A test of published methods and proposal of new guidelines
Stephan, Carl N., Henneberg, Maciej and Sampson, Wayne (2003). Predicting nose projection and pronasale position in facial approximation: A test of published methods and proposal of new guidelines. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 122 (3), 240-250. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.10300
2003
Journal Article
Comment - Reply
Stephan, CN (2003). Comment - Reply. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 48 (2), 470-470.
2003
Journal Article
Facial approximation: An evaluation of mouth-width determination
Stephan, Carl N. (2003). Facial approximation: An evaluation of mouth-width determination. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 121 (1), 48-57. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.10166
2003
Book Chapter
Human face in biological anthropology: craniometry, evolution and forensic identification
Henneberg, Maciej, Simpson, Ellie and Stephan, Carl (2003). Human face in biological anthropology: craniometry, evolution and forensic identification. The human face: measurement and meaning. (pp. 29-48) Boston, United States: Kluwer Acadedic Publishers. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1063-5_2
2002
Journal Article
Position of supercilare in relation to the lateral iris: Testing a suggested facial approximation guideline
Stephan, C. N. (2002). Position of supercilare in relation to the lateral iris: Testing a suggested facial approximation guideline. Forensic Science International, 130 (1), 29-33. doi: 10.1016/S0379-0738(02)00279-7
2002
Journal Article
Facial approximation: globe projection guideline falsified by exophthalmometry literature
Stephan, Carl N. (2002). Facial approximation: globe projection guideline falsified by exophthalmometry literature. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47 (4), 730-735.
2002
Journal Article
Do resemblance ratings measure the accuracy of facial approximations?
Stephan, Carl (2002). Do resemblance ratings measure the accuracy of facial approximations?. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47 (2), 239-243. doi: 10.1520/JFS15239J
2001
Journal Article
Building faces from dry skulls: are they recognized above chance rates?
Stephan, C. N. and Henneberg, M. (2001). Building faces from dry skulls: are they recognized above chance rates?. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 46 (3), 432-440.
2001
Journal Article
Medicine may be reducing the human capacity to survive
Stephan, C. N. and Henneberg, M. (2001). Medicine may be reducing the human capacity to survive. Medical Hypotheses, 57 (5), 633-637. doi: 10.1054/mehy.2001.1431
Funding
Past funding
Supervision
Availability
- Associate Professor Carl Stephan is:
- Available for supervision
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Supervision history
Current supervision
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Doctor Philosophy
Correlations of human facial soft tissue thickness with body mass in sub-adults and adults as revealed by lateral radiographs and MRI
Principal Advisor
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Doctor Philosophy
Craniofacial Superimposition: Can Machine Learning Improve Focus Distance Estimation from Real-world Facial Photographs
Principal Advisor
Completed supervision
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2021
Doctor Philosophy
Computerized Methods for De-Commingling Mixed Human Skeletal Assemblages: New Automated Approaches Using Centroid Banding
Principal Advisor
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2018
Doctor Philosophy
Elliptical Fourier analysis of lateral skull profiles as a tool to aid skeletal identification
Principal Advisor
Media
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