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Associate Professor Carl Stephan
Associate Professor

Carl Stephan

Email: 
Phone: 
+61 7 336 57485

Overview

Background

Assoc. Prof. Stephan is an anatomist and forensic anthropologist with research interests in skeletal analysis and identification in the medicolegal setting. Specifcally these research interests include: craniofacial identification, radiographic comparison, trauma, unmingling of skeletons, biological profile estimations and standards of practice. Carl heads the Laboratory for Human Craniofacial and Skeletal Identification (HuCS-ID Lab), and is Chief Anatomist at The University of Queensland (UQ) School of Anatomy.

Carl is a Fellow of The American Academy of Forensic Sciences and recent past President of the International Association of Craniofacial Identification. Carl served as Special Issue Managing Guest Editor for Forensic Science International, Latest Progress in Craniofacial Identification, 2018. He has been Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Forensic Sciences (2013-23) and Associate Editor of Forensic Anthropology (2016-20). Carl founded the SBMS Skeletal Collection and Skeletisation Program at UQ in late 2014, re-energising forensic osteology within the UQ School of Anatomy and more broadly within the School of Biomedical Sciences.

Carl's prior appointments include forensic anthropology analyst with the Iraq Mass Graves Investigation Team (USA Army Corps of Engineers on behalf of the USA Department of Justice) and ORISE researcher at the USA Department of Defence Central Identification Laboratory in Hawaii. He often now serves as an external consultant to the USA Defence POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA). At UQ and as Chief Anatomist and School of Anatomy manager, Carl works very closely with the SBMS Gross Anatomy Facility, in all matters of anatomy teaching, research and governance management.

Working in joint with the GAF Manager, Carl has cross adapted ISO17025 style practices and auditing procedures to the UQ School of Anatomy space and introduced the first Code-of-Practice for Use of Human Tissues within the UQ School of Anatomy since its inauguration (1927). These accreditation-style policies and procedures are further implemented and expanded in the HuCS-ID Lab, providing vital learning experiences and skill sets for Honours and Higher Research Degree students wanting to pursue careers in forensic science. New data analytic, casework and research tools developed by the HuCS-ID Lab and in the statistical environment of R, are freely and routinely released for others to use at the website: CRANIOFACIALidentification.com.

Carl's research outputs currently exceed 100 total scientific publications, including more than 85 full-length research articles..

Availability

Associate Professor Carl Stephan is:
Available for supervision

Qualifications

  • Bachelor of Science, University of Adelaide
  • Bachelor (Honours) of Science (Advanced), University of Adelaide
  • Doctor of Philosophy, University of Adelaide
  • Postgraduate Diploma in Education, The University of Queensland

Research impacts

AP Stephan's research contributions are widely recognized in the international forensic anthropology space, especially in craniofacial identification and radiographic comparison. Carl's contributions result in, or assist, identifications around the globe and, in the USA, almost on a weekly basis.

A prime example of AP Stephan's research impact is regarding Chest X-Ray Comparison (CXR) protocols established directly from his applied research, which have been officially reviewed, approved and authorized by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense Health Affairs, USA Armed Forces Medical Examiner System (2017) to assist the DPAA mission of identifying fallen US Soldiers. Every few weeks these methods contribute to new and additional identifications of US fallen soldiers from the Korean War and World War II (and notably in cases where DNA identification cannot be used): https://www.dpaa.mil/News-Stories/ID-Announcements/.

Other casework impact includes skeletal analysis of individuals from mass graves in Iraq for the Regime Crimes Liaison Office (RCLO) via work for the Iraq Mass Graves Investigation Team (IMGT; 2005).

Carl holds a Scopus H-index of 30 (or 38 in Google Scholar), a total citation count of >2,300 (Scopus), and a SciVal Field-Weighted Citation Impact of 1.8 (last 10 years).

Works

Search Professor Carl Stephan’s works on UQ eSpace

95 works between 2001 and 2024

81 - 95 of 95 works

2005

Journal Article

The effect of maceration and hydration on cranial dimensions: a study of Oryctologus cuniculus

Adams, E. and Stephan, C. N. (2005). The effect of maceration and hydration on cranial dimensions: a study of Oryctologus cuniculus. Anthropological Review, 68, 65-75.

The effect of maceration and hydration on cranial dimensions: a study of Oryctologus cuniculus

2005

Book Chapter

Ceiling recognition limits of two-dimensional facial approximations constructed using averages

Stephan, Carl N., Penton-Voak, Ian S., Clement, John G. and Henneberg, Maciej (2005). Ceiling recognition limits of two-dimensional facial approximations constructed using averages. Computer-graphic facial reconstruction. (pp. 199-219) edited by John G. Clement and Murray K. Marks. Boston, United States: Academic Press.

Ceiling recognition limits of two-dimensional facial approximations constructed using averages

2005

Book Chapter

Two-dimensional computer generated average human face morphology and facial approximation

Stephan,, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perrett, David I., Tiddeman, Bernard P., Clement, John G. and Henneberg, Maciej (2005). Two-dimensional computer generated average human face morphology and facial approximation. Computer-graphic facial reconstruction. (pp. 105-127) edited by John G. Clement and Murray K. Marks. Boston, United States: Academic Press.

Two-dimensional computer generated average human face morphology and facial approximation

2004

Journal Article

A New Rig for Standardized Craniofacial Photography Put to the Test

Stephan, Carl N., Clement, John G., Owen, Chris D., Dobrostanski, Tad and Owen, Allan (2004). A New Rig for Standardized Craniofacial Photography Put to the Test. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 113 (3), 827-833. doi: 10.1097/01.PRS.0000105334.74097.CA

A New Rig for Standardized Craniofacial Photography Put to the Test

2003

Journal Article

Anthropological Facial 'Reconstruction' - Recognizing the Fallacies, 'Unembracing' the Errors, and Realizing Method Limits

Stephan, Carl N. (2003). Anthropological Facial 'Reconstruction' - Recognizing the Fallacies, 'Unembracing' the Errors, and Realizing Method Limits. Science & Justice, 43 (4), 193-200. doi: 10.1016/S1355-0306(03)71776-6

Anthropological Facial 'Reconstruction' - Recognizing the Fallacies, 'Unembracing' the Errors, and Realizing Method Limits

2003

Journal Article

Predicting mouth width from inter-canine width - a 75% rule

Stephan, C. N. and Henneburg, M. (2003). Predicting mouth width from inter-canine width - a 75% rule. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 48 (4), 725-727.

Predicting mouth width from inter-canine width - a 75% rule

2003

Journal Article

Predicting nose projection and pronasale position in facial approximation: A test of published methods and proposal of new guidelines

Stephan, Carl N., Henneberg, Maciej and Sampson, Wayne (2003). Predicting nose projection and pronasale position in facial approximation: A test of published methods and proposal of new guidelines. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 122 (3), 240-250. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.10300

Predicting nose projection and pronasale position in facial approximation: A test of published methods and proposal of new guidelines

2003

Journal Article

Comment - Reply

Stephan, CN (2003). Comment - Reply. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 48 (2), 470-470.

Comment - Reply

2003

Journal Article

Facial approximation: An evaluation of mouth-width determination

Stephan, Carl N. (2003). Facial approximation: An evaluation of mouth-width determination. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 121 (1), 48-57. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.10166

Facial approximation: An evaluation of mouth-width determination

2003

Book Chapter

Human face in biological anthropology: craniometry, evolution and forensic identification

Henneberg, Maciej, Simpson, Ellie and Stephan, Carl (2003). Human face in biological anthropology: craniometry, evolution and forensic identification. The human face: measurement and meaning. (pp. 29-48) Boston, United States: Kluwer Acadedic Publishers. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1063-5_2

Human face in biological anthropology: craniometry, evolution and forensic identification

2002

Journal Article

Position of supercilare in relation to the lateral iris: Testing a suggested facial approximation guideline

Stephan, C. N. (2002). Position of supercilare in relation to the lateral iris: Testing a suggested facial approximation guideline. Forensic Science International, 130 (1), 29-33. doi: 10.1016/S0379-0738(02)00279-7

Position of supercilare in relation to the lateral iris: Testing a suggested facial approximation guideline

2002

Journal Article

Facial approximation: globe projection guideline falsified by exophthalmometry literature

Stephan, Carl N. (2002). Facial approximation: globe projection guideline falsified by exophthalmometry literature. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47 (4), 730-735.

Facial approximation: globe projection guideline falsified by exophthalmometry literature

2002

Journal Article

Do resemblance ratings measure the accuracy of facial approximations?

Stephan, Carl (2002). Do resemblance ratings measure the accuracy of facial approximations?. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47 (2), 239-243. doi: 10.1520/JFS15239J

Do resemblance ratings measure the accuracy of facial approximations?

2001

Journal Article

Building faces from dry skulls: are they recognized above chance rates?

Stephan, C. N. and Henneberg, M. (2001). Building faces from dry skulls: are they recognized above chance rates?. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 46 (3), 432-440.

Building faces from dry skulls: are they recognized above chance rates?

2001

Journal Article

Medicine may be reducing the human capacity to survive

Stephan, C. N. and Henneberg, M. (2001). Medicine may be reducing the human capacity to survive. Medical Hypotheses, 57 (5), 633-637. doi: 10.1054/mehy.2001.1431

Medicine may be reducing the human capacity to survive

Funding

Past funding

  • 2019
    Advanced Brightfield and Fluorescent High Speed and Throughput Slide Scanner for biological, medical, materials science, and agricultural applications
    UQ Major Equipment and Infrastructure
    Open grant
  • 2016 - 2018
    A fully computerized method of osteometric sorting for pairwise comparisons in large assemblages
    American Academy of Forensic Sciences
    Open grant

Supervision

Availability

Associate Professor Carl Stephan is:
Available for supervision

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Supervision history

Current supervision

  • Doctor Philosophy

    Correlations of human facial soft tissue thickness with body mass in sub-adults and adults as revealed by lateral radiographs and MRI

    Principal Advisor

  • Doctor Philosophy

    Craniofacial Superimposition: Can Machine Learning Improve Focus Distance Estimation from Real-world Facial Photographs

    Principal Advisor

Completed supervision

Media

Enquiries

For media enquiries about Associate Professor Carl Stephan's areas of expertise, story ideas and help finding experts, contact our Media team:

communications@uq.edu.au