Pro bono service: drivers, delight, dark side and downside for the professional (2011-2013)

Pro bono work, common in the professions, is important to Australia's economy. Giving is generally viewed as positive, noble, activity associated with gratuity, generosity and altruism. However, there is a dark side involving a range of negative feelings eg anxiety, embarrassment, indebtedness, humiliation, even vulnerability. Moreover, pro bono givers often feel unappreciated, unacknowledged, and taken advantage of. This ground breaking research models the relationships and maps links among drivers, moderators and mediators of pro bono service engagement, including motives, altruistic attitudes, materialism and outcomes, both longitudinally and cross culturally, to provide professionals with guidelines for enhanced outcomes.