Skip to menu Skip to content Skip to footer
Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher
Emerita Professor

Mary Fletcher

Email: 

Overview

Background

Professor Mary Fletcher is a natural product organic chemist, and led the Natural Toxin group within the Centre for Animal Science, Queensland Alliance for Agricultural and Food Innovation (QAAFI) 2010-2024,before being appointed Emeritus Professor in 2024. She previously worked as a research chemist at both The University Queensland and Queensland Primary Industries (Biosecurity Queensland), before joining the Queensland Alliance for Agricultural and Food Innovation in 2010. Prof Fletcher's current interest focuses on bioactives that reduce enteric methane and the application of slow release delivery systems appropriate to rangeland grazing systems. Prof Fletcher has an industry recognised expertise as an applied organic chemist with a specialist interest in the identification and analysis of natural toxins and other bioactives in a range of plants, fungi and agricultural products. Such toxins and bioactives can affect both human and animal health posing risks to livestock production, food safety and market access.

Prof Fletcher is also an Affiliate Professor in the School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (http://www.scmb.uq.edu.au/index.html), and an Affiliated Scientist at the Biosciences eastern & central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub in Nairobi, Kenya (http://hub.africabiosciences.org/).

Prof Fletcher is a Fellow of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute and in 2016 was elected President of the Queensland Branch of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute (http://www.raci.org.au/branches/qld-branch).

Availability

Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher is:
Not available for supervision

Qualifications

  • Bachelor of Science, The University of Queensland
  • Bachelor (Honours) of Chemistry, The University of Queensland
  • Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Queensland

Research interests

  • Slow release inserts to deliver bioactive compounds that reduce enteric methane

    Methane emissions from the beef cattle sector accounts for ~7% of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions. This collaborative UQ-DAF project brings together a team of interdisciplinary scientists and applies novel technologies to progress the industry goal of achieving a carbon neutral beef industry by 2030. The synthetic feed additive 3 nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) has shown promise in enteric methane mitigation. This compound targets the nickel enzyme methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) in rumen archea, thereby inhibiting the last step of CH4 formation by reversibly oxidizing the nickel cofactor from Ni(I) to Ni(II). Applications to date have necessitated daily dosing regimes relevant mostly for intensive cattle systems, and this project seeks to provide alternate delivery mechanisms to enable application in extensive systems. In extensive grazing systems, most supplements are normally delivered through licks, with little or no control of intake by individual animals. Many methane mitigating active-agents including 3-NOP are required to be delivered consistently to the rumen to be effective. This project seeks to deliver a novel rumen insert for controlled release of active-agents to provide a sustained slow-release dose. Such technology avoids any process issues associated with traditional bolus capsule systems, where the capsule itself presents problems at abattoir. It is envisaged that the novel insert by comparison would be completely biodegraded with no problematic remains at abattoir.

  • Beneficial Sugars in Stingless Bee Honey

    Stingless bees (Meliponini) occur in all tropical and sub-tropical regions, and honey from these native bees has a long history of traditional indigenous use with a range of purported therapeutic properties. Prof Fletcher's research has identified the unusual low GI disaccharide trehalulose as a predominant sugar and distinctive marker of stingless bee honey in five species across three continents Australia, Malaysia and Brazil. The presence of this beneficial sugar has added support to the health claims of these native Meliponini honeys and provided impetus to this emerging industry. This is the first report of this unusual disaccharide as a major component of honey, and indeed the first significant natural occurrence in any food. Prof Fletcher's research team has further demonstrated that this rare sugar is produced by the bees themselves via an enzymatic isomerisation of nectar sucrose - further evidence of the unique characteristics of these stingless bees and the honey they produce.

  • Natural Toxins

    Prof Fletcher's research interests also encompass the identification and analysis of natural toxins and bioactives in a range of plants, fungi and agricultural products. Such toxins have the potential to form residues in agricultural products and pose a risk to both livestock and human consumers. Toxins of particular interest include mycotoxins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, indospicine and simplexin. Her natural toxin research focusses on minimising the impacts of plant toxins on Australian livestock production. Plant toxins can have wide ranging animal impacts, depending on their chemical structure and have the potential to contribute to ill thrift through specific toxicoses such as Pimelea poisoning and pyrrolizidine alkaloid associated liver disease, and reproductive losses through abortion and teratogenic effects, or calf losses associated with premature births, weak calves, or failure to suckle. Devising strategies to deal with diverse plant toxins is not easy, as the chemical action and target organ varies considerably, and the best line of action is prevention rather than remedial treatment. In pasture systems, it is difficult to prevent consumption of poisonous plants, other than by total removal from the pasture which is generally not possible. However, plant consumption does not necessarily equal uptake of the toxin, and the approach of the proposed research is to devise strategies to enable toxin breakdown within the rumen before absorption into the animals circulatory systems. Our research approach is to capitalise on natural rumen response by isolating microbes capable of degrading toxins (for use as preventative probiotics), and investigating toxin absorbents and/or biopolymers to foster toxin-degrading microbe populations. Initially this research will be applied to the Pimelea toxin, simplexin, which causes frequently fatal poisoning in cattle grazing inland pastures of Australia with productivity losses estimated to be up to $50 million in bad years. Further interests include the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Australian honey and identification of diverse floral sources of these alkaloids using LCMS technologies to confirm alkaloid profiles. A collaborative project with Queensland Health is also investigating authenticity, adulteration and providence of these honeys using stable isotope MS techniques.

Research impacts

Throughout her career Prof Fletcher has applied her chemical skills to address diverse problems that pose threats to agricultural industries, from the identification of fruit fly pheromones to the determination of plant toxins responsible for livestock deaths, to the identification of bone volatiles attractive to phosphorous deficient cattle and more recently the identification of unusual beneficial sugars in stingless bee honey and the application of slow release devices for the release of bioactives to control enteric methane production in rangeland cattle. Her work has particular application in the areas of food safety and food security, both in Australia and overseas, including projects addressing the impacts of carcinogenic mycotoxin contamination of staple foods in sub-saharan Africa.

Current research funded by Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA) aims to develop a rumen insert that is applicable in extensive production systems to reduce methane emissions from northern Australia beef herds and applies novel biopolmyer technologies to progress the industry goal of achieving a carbon neutral beef industry by 2030. This collaborative UQ-DAF project aims to produce a rumen insert that slowly releases active-agents (such as 3-NOP) into the rumen over an extended period of time. The use of a rumen insert will mean that each animal will receive the treatment and should establish a more consistent reduced methane emission, when compared to other methods.

Works

Search Professor Mary Fletcher’s works on UQ eSpace

281 works between 1983 and 2025

201 - 220 of 281 works

2012

Edited Outputs

Technology for Food Quality

Glenn Graham, Michael Netzel, Trudy Graham, Mary Fletcher, Gloria Karagianis, Cindy Giles, Ujang Tinggi and Pieter Scheelings eds. (2012). Technology for Food Quality. 12th Government Food Analysts Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 22-24 February 2011. Health and Food Sciences Precinct (HFSP).

Technology for Food Quality

2012

Conference Publication

Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of horses in Australia

Ossedryver, S. M. and Fletcher, M. T. (2012). Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of horses in Australia. 7th Conference of The World Mycotoxin Forum and XIIIth IUPAC International Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins (WMFmeetsIUPAC2012), Rotterdam, Netherlands, 5-9 November 2012.

Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of horses in Australia

2012

Conference Publication

Ptaquiloside survey of milk samples from Atherton Tableland

Fletcher, Mary T., Gummow, Bruce, Brock, Ian J, Tranter, William P. and Gardiner, Christopher P. (2012). Ptaquiloside survey of milk samples from Atherton Tableland. 12th Government Food Analysts Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 22-24 February 2011. Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia: Health and Food Sciences Precinct (HFSP).

Ptaquiloside survey of milk samples from Atherton Tableland

2011

Journal Article

Crotalaria medicaginea associated with horse deaths in Northern Australia: New pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Fletcher, Mary T., Hayes, Patricia Y., Somerville, Michael J. and De Voss, James J. (2011). Crotalaria medicaginea associated with horse deaths in Northern Australia: New pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59 (21), 11888-11892. doi: 10.1021/jf203147x

Crotalaria medicaginea associated with horse deaths in Northern Australia: New pyrrolizidine alkaloids

2011

Journal Article

Residue potential of norsesquiterpene glycosides in tissues of cattle fed austral bracken (Pteridium esculentum)

Fletcher, Mary T., Reichmann, Keith G., Brock, Ian J., McKenzie, Ross A. and Blaney, Barry J. (2011). Residue potential of norsesquiterpene glycosides in tissues of cattle fed austral bracken (Pteridium esculentum). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59 (15), 8518-8523. doi: 10.1021/jf201342t

Residue potential of norsesquiterpene glycosides in tissues of cattle fed austral bracken (Pteridium esculentum)

2011

Journal Article

Norsesquiterpene glycosides in bracken ferns (Pteridium esculentum and Pteridium aquilinum subsp. wightianum) from eastern Australia: reassessed poisoning risk to animals

Fletcher, Mary T., Brock, Ian J., Reichmann, Keith G., McKenzie, Ross A. and Blaney, Barry J. (2011). Norsesquiterpene glycosides in bracken ferns (Pteridium esculentum and Pteridium aquilinum subsp. wightianum) from eastern Australia: reassessed poisoning risk to animals. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59 (9), 5133-5138. doi: 10.1021/jf104267c

Norsesquiterpene glycosides in bracken ferns (Pteridium esculentum and Pteridium aquilinum subsp. wightianum) from eastern Australia: reassessed poisoning risk to animals

2011

Journal Article

Hepatotoxicosis in dogs consuming a diet of camel meat contaminated with indospicine

Fitzgerald, L. M., Paul, A., Fletcher, M. T., Mansfield, C. S. and O'Hara, A. J. (2011). Hepatotoxicosis in dogs consuming a diet of camel meat contaminated with indospicine. Australian Veterinary Journal, 89 (3), 95-100. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2010.00684.x

Hepatotoxicosis in dogs consuming a diet of camel meat contaminated with indospicine

2011

Conference Publication

Indospicine - a natural residue that kills dogs

Fletcher, Mary T., Ossedryver, Selina M. and Reichmann, Keith G. (2011). Indospicine - a natural residue that kills dogs. 23rd Conference of Residue Chemists, Brisbane, 25 - 28 October 2011.

Indospicine - a natural residue that kills dogs

2011

Conference Publication

Sago haemolytic disease: A foodborne toxicosis with complex aetiology in Papua New Guinea

Greenhil, Andrew, Pue, Aisak, Shipton, Warren, Blaney, Barry, Fletcher, Mary, Ng, Jack and Warner, Jeff (2011). Sago haemolytic disease: A foodborne toxicosis with complex aetiology in Papua New Guinea. ASM 2011 Australian Society for Microbiology (ASM) Annual Scientific Meeting, Hobart, Australia, 4-8 July 2011.

Sago haemolytic disease: A foodborne toxicosis with complex aetiology in Papua New Guinea

2011

Book Chapter

Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and meat quality in Northern Australia

Fletcher, M. T., McKenzie, R. A., Reichmann, K. G. and Blaney, B. J. (2011). Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and meat quality in Northern Australia. Poisoning by plants, mycotoxins, and related toxins. (pp. 208-218) edited by Franklin Riet-Correa, Jim Pfister, Ana Lucia Schild and Terrie Wierenga. Wallingford, England, U.K.: CAB International.

Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and meat quality in Northern Australia

2011

Conference Publication

Ptaquiloside milk residues: Do they pose a public health risk in Northern QLD?

Gummow, B., Tranter, W. P., Fletcher, M. T., Brock, I. J. and Gariner, C. P. (2011). Ptaquiloside milk residues: Do they pose a public health risk in Northern QLD?. Australian College of Veterinary Scientists Science Week, Gold Coast, Australia, 30 June - 2 July 2011.

Ptaquiloside milk residues: Do they pose a public health risk in Northern QLD?

2011

Book Chapter

LC/MS/MS analysis of the daphnane orthoester simplexin in poisonous Pimelea species of Australian rangelands

Fletcher, M. T., Chow, K. Y. S., Silcock, R. G. and Milson, J. A. (2011). LC/MS/MS analysis of the daphnane orthoester simplexin in poisonous Pimelea species of Australian rangelands. Poisoning by plants, mycotoxins, and related toxins. (pp. 550-556) edited by Franklin Riet-Correa, Jim Pfister, Ana Lucia Schild and Terrie Wierenga. Wallingford, England, U.K.: CAB International.

LC/MS/MS analysis of the daphnane orthoester simplexin in poisonous Pimelea species of Australian rangelands

2011

Book Chapter

Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and meat quality in northern Australia

Fletcher, M. T., McKenzie, R. A., Reichmann, K. G. and Blaney, B. J. (2011). Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and meat quality in northern Australia. Poisoning by Plants, Mycotoxins, and Related Toxins. (pp. 208-214) OXON, ENGLAND: CABI Publishing.

Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and meat quality in northern Australia

2010

Journal Article

Daphnane- and tigliane-type diterpenoid esters and orthoesters from Pimelea elongata

Hayes, PY, Chow, S, Somerville, MJ, Fletcher, MT and De Voss, JJ (2010). Daphnane- and tigliane-type diterpenoid esters and orthoesters from Pimelea elongata. Journal of Natural Products, 73 (11), 1907-1913. doi: 10.1021/np1005746

Daphnane- and tigliane-type diterpenoid esters and orthoesters from Pimelea elongata

2010

Journal Article

Analysis of Daphnane Orthoesters in Poisonous Australian Pimelea Species by Liquid Chromatography (vol 58, pg 7482, 2010)

Chow, Sharon, Fletcher, Mary T. and Mckenzie, Ross A. (2010). Analysis of Daphnane Orthoesters in Poisonous Australian Pimelea Species by Liquid Chromatography (vol 58, pg 7482, 2010). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58 (14), 8470-8470. doi: 10.1021/jf1025778

Analysis of Daphnane Orthoesters in Poisonous Australian Pimelea Species by Liquid Chromatography (vol 58, pg 7482, 2010)

2010

Journal Article

Analysis of daphnane orthoesters in poisonous australian pimelea species by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Chow, Sharon, Fletcher, Mary T. and Mckenzie, Ross A. (2010). Analysis of daphnane orthoesters in poisonous australian pimelea species by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58 (12), 7482-7487. doi: 10.1021/jf101752r

Analysis of daphnane orthoesters in poisonous australian pimelea species by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

2010

Journal Article

Ptesculentoside, a novel norsesquiterpene glucoside from the Australian bracken fern Pteridium esculentum

Fletcher, Mary T., Hayes, Patricia Y., Somerville, Michael, J. and De Voss, James J. (2010). Ptesculentoside, a novel norsesquiterpene glucoside from the Australian bracken fern Pteridium esculentum. Tetrahedron Letters, 51 (15), 1997-1999. doi: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.032

Ptesculentoside, a novel norsesquiterpene glucoside from the Australian bracken fern Pteridium esculentum

2010

Journal Article

Haemolytic fungi isolated from sago starch in Papua New Guinea

Greenhill, A. R., Blaney, B. J., Shipton, W. A., Pue, A., Fletcher, M. T. and Warner, J. M. (2010). Haemolytic fungi isolated from sago starch in Papua New Guinea. MYCOPATHOLOGIA, 169 (2), 107-115. doi: 10.1007/s11046-009-9235-3

Haemolytic fungi isolated from sago starch in Papua New Guinea

2010

Conference Publication

Hepatotoxicosis in dogs following consumption of indospicine contaminated camel meat

Fitzgerald, Louise, Fletcher, Mary, Paul, Amanda, Mansfield, Caroline and O'Hara, Amanda (2010). Hepatotoxicosis in dogs following consumption of indospicine contaminated camel meat. Annual Conference of the Australian Society for Veterinary Pathology, Freemantle, Western Australia, September 3 - 5 2010. Australia: Australian Society of Veterinary Pathology.

Hepatotoxicosis in dogs following consumption of indospicine contaminated camel meat

2010

Journal Article

Spiroacetal biosynthesis in fruit flies is complex: distinguishable origins of the same major spiroacetal released by different Bactrocera spp.

Schwartz, Brett D., Booth, Yvonne K., Fletcher, Mary T., Kitching, William and De Voss, James J. (2010). Spiroacetal biosynthesis in fruit flies is complex: distinguishable origins of the same major spiroacetal released by different Bactrocera spp.. Chemical Communications, 46 (9), 1526-1528. doi: 10.1039/b917977a

Spiroacetal biosynthesis in fruit flies is complex: distinguishable origins of the same major spiroacetal released by different Bactrocera spp.

Funding

Current funding

  • 2023 - 2025
    Harnessing the synbio potential of Australia's stingless bees, the first step
    Sugar Research Australia Limited
    Open grant
  • 2022 - 2025
    Developing cutting-edge capability for atypical saccharides in emerging and novel foods
    Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services
    Open grant
  • 2022 - 2027
    EAP - Biopolymers to deliver bioactive compounds that reduce enteric methane
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant

Past funding

  • 2023 - 2024
    Indospicine from the Australian plant Indigofera spicata as potential anticancer agent
    Ukraine-Australia Research Fund
    Open grant
  • 2021
    Rapid and Non-destructive Identification of Mycotoxins in Animal Feed Ingredients
    Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries
    Open grant
  • 2020 - 2021
    Authentication of Australian stingless bee honey - proof of concept study
    Queensland Health
    Open grant
  • 2020 - 2021
    Optimising bioactive content of Australian stingless bee honey
    Agrifutures Australia
    Open grant
  • 2018 - 2019
    Improving nitrogen usage efficiency to reduce the environmental impact of beef cattle
    UQ-FAPESP Strategic Research Fund SPRINT
    Open grant
  • 2018 - 2023
    Nitrogen recycling as determinant for feed efficiency of Bos indicus cattle
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2018 - 2022
    Improving beef production through management of plant toxins
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2017 - 2018
    Analysis of environmental contaminants in Australian/Queensland honey
    Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services
    Open grant
  • 2017 - 2018
    Pimelea toxicity - finding potential solutions for managing cattle poisoning
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2016 - 2018
    The risk of pyrollizidine alkaloids in Queensland honey
    Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services
    Open grant
  • 2016 - 2017
    Bio-actives: Value-adding to industrial hemp production
    UQ Collaboration and Industry Engagement Fund - FirstLink
    Open grant
  • 2015 - 2017
    Indospicine - managing the risk of residues in Western Australia meat
    Western Australian Department of Primary Industries and Rural Development
    Open grant
  • 2014 - 2016
    Native plant extracts for extended shelf life in corn
    Rural Industries Research & Development Corporation
    Open grant
  • 2012 - 2017
    Improved management of cattle phosphorus status through applied physiology
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2011 - 2015
    Capacity and Action for Aflatoxin Reduction in Eastern Africa
    CSIRO
    Open grant
  • 2003 - 2004
    Linking structure to activity: identification of fruit fly sex pheromones with potential for pest management
    UQ New Staff Research Start-Up Fund
    Open grant

Supervision

Availability

Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher is:
Not available for supervision

Supervision history

Current supervision

Completed supervision

Media

Enquiries

For media enquiries about Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher's areas of expertise, story ideas and help finding experts, contact our Media team:

communications@uq.edu.au