Skip to menu Skip to content Skip to footer
Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher
Emerita Professor

Mary Fletcher

Email: 

Overview

Background

Professor Mary Fletcher is a natural product organic chemist, and led the Natural Toxin group within the Centre for Animal Science, Queensland Alliance for Agricultural and Food Innovation (QAAFI) 2010-2024,before being appointed Emeritus Professor in 2024. She previously worked as a research chemist at both The University Queensland and Queensland Primary Industries (Biosecurity Queensland), before joining the Queensland Alliance for Agricultural and Food Innovation in 2010. Prof Fletcher's current interest focuses on bioactives that reduce enteric methane and the application of slow release delivery systems appropriate to rangeland grazing systems. Prof Fletcher has an industry recognised expertise as an applied organic chemist with a specialist interest in the identification and analysis of natural toxins and other bioactives in a range of plants, fungi and agricultural products. Such toxins and bioactives can affect both human and animal health posing risks to livestock production, food safety and market access.

Prof Fletcher is also an Affiliate Professor in the School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (http://www.scmb.uq.edu.au/index.html), and an Affiliated Scientist at the Biosciences eastern & central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub in Nairobi, Kenya (http://hub.africabiosciences.org/).

Prof Fletcher is a Fellow of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute and in 2016 was elected President of the Queensland Branch of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute (http://www.raci.org.au/branches/qld-branch).

Availability

Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher is:
Not available for supervision

Qualifications

  • Bachelor of Science, The University of Queensland
  • Bachelor (Honours) of Chemistry, The University of Queensland
  • Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Queensland

Research interests

  • Slow release inserts to deliver bioactive compounds that reduce enteric methane

    Methane emissions from the beef cattle sector accounts for ~7% of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions. This collaborative UQ-DAF project brings together a team of interdisciplinary scientists and applies novel technologies to progress the industry goal of achieving a carbon neutral beef industry by 2030. The synthetic feed additive 3 nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) has shown promise in enteric methane mitigation. This compound targets the nickel enzyme methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) in rumen archea, thereby inhibiting the last step of CH4 formation by reversibly oxidizing the nickel cofactor from Ni(I) to Ni(II). Applications to date have necessitated daily dosing regimes relevant mostly for intensive cattle systems, and this project seeks to provide alternate delivery mechanisms to enable application in extensive systems. In extensive grazing systems, most supplements are normally delivered through licks, with little or no control of intake by individual animals. Many methane mitigating active-agents including 3-NOP are required to be delivered consistently to the rumen to be effective. This project seeks to deliver a novel rumen insert for controlled release of active-agents to provide a sustained slow-release dose. Such technology avoids any process issues associated with traditional bolus capsule systems, where the capsule itself presents problems at abattoir. It is envisaged that the novel insert by comparison would be completely biodegraded with no problematic remains at abattoir.

  • Beneficial Sugars in Stingless Bee Honey

    Stingless bees (Meliponini) occur in all tropical and sub-tropical regions, and honey from these native bees has a long history of traditional indigenous use with a range of purported therapeutic properties. Prof Fletcher's research has identified the unusual low GI disaccharide trehalulose as a predominant sugar and distinctive marker of stingless bee honey in five species across three continents Australia, Malaysia and Brazil. The presence of this beneficial sugar has added support to the health claims of these native Meliponini honeys and provided impetus to this emerging industry. This is the first report of this unusual disaccharide as a major component of honey, and indeed the first significant natural occurrence in any food. Prof Fletcher's research team has further demonstrated that this rare sugar is produced by the bees themselves via an enzymatic isomerisation of nectar sucrose - further evidence of the unique characteristics of these stingless bees and the honey they produce.

  • Natural Toxins

    Prof Fletcher's research interests also encompass the identification and analysis of natural toxins and bioactives in a range of plants, fungi and agricultural products. Such toxins have the potential to form residues in agricultural products and pose a risk to both livestock and human consumers. Toxins of particular interest include mycotoxins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, indospicine and simplexin. Her natural toxin research focusses on minimising the impacts of plant toxins on Australian livestock production. Plant toxins can have wide ranging animal impacts, depending on their chemical structure and have the potential to contribute to ill thrift through specific toxicoses such as Pimelea poisoning and pyrrolizidine alkaloid associated liver disease, and reproductive losses through abortion and teratogenic effects, or calf losses associated with premature births, weak calves, or failure to suckle. Devising strategies to deal with diverse plant toxins is not easy, as the chemical action and target organ varies considerably, and the best line of action is prevention rather than remedial treatment. In pasture systems, it is difficult to prevent consumption of poisonous plants, other than by total removal from the pasture which is generally not possible. However, plant consumption does not necessarily equal uptake of the toxin, and the approach of the proposed research is to devise strategies to enable toxin breakdown within the rumen before absorption into the animals circulatory systems. Our research approach is to capitalise on natural rumen response by isolating microbes capable of degrading toxins (for use as preventative probiotics), and investigating toxin absorbents and/or biopolymers to foster toxin-degrading microbe populations. Initially this research will be applied to the Pimelea toxin, simplexin, which causes frequently fatal poisoning in cattle grazing inland pastures of Australia with productivity losses estimated to be up to $50 million in bad years. Further interests include the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Australian honey and identification of diverse floral sources of these alkaloids using LCMS technologies to confirm alkaloid profiles. A collaborative project with Queensland Health is also investigating authenticity, adulteration and providence of these honeys using stable isotope MS techniques.

Research impacts

Throughout her career Prof Fletcher has applied her chemical skills to address diverse problems that pose threats to agricultural industries, from the identification of fruit fly pheromones to the determination of plant toxins responsible for livestock deaths, to the identification of bone volatiles attractive to phosphorous deficient cattle and more recently the identification of unusual beneficial sugars in stingless bee honey and the application of slow release devices for the release of bioactives to control enteric methane production in rangeland cattle. Her work has particular application in the areas of food safety and food security, both in Australia and overseas, including projects addressing the impacts of carcinogenic mycotoxin contamination of staple foods in sub-saharan Africa.

Current research funded by Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA) aims to develop a rumen insert that is applicable in extensive production systems to reduce methane emissions from northern Australia beef herds and applies novel biopolmyer technologies to progress the industry goal of achieving a carbon neutral beef industry by 2030. This collaborative UQ-DAF project aims to produce a rumen insert that slowly releases active-agents (such as 3-NOP) into the rumen over an extended period of time. The use of a rumen insert will mean that each animal will receive the treatment and should establish a more consistent reduced methane emission, when compared to other methods.

Works

Search Professor Mary Fletcher’s works on UQ eSpace

281 works between 1983 and 2025

181 - 200 of 281 works

2015

Conference Publication

Capacity of young cows to gain bone and improve lactation

Castells, L., Dixon, R. M., Kidd, L., Goodwin, K. L., Mayer, R., Fletcher, M. T. and McNeill, D. M. (2015). Capacity of young cows to gain bone and improve lactation. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia, Armidale, NSW, Australia, 26-28 October 2015. Armidale, NSW, Australia: School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England.

Capacity of young cows to gain bone and improve lactation

2015

Conference Publication

In vitro digestion models for measuring Indospicine bioaccessibility and stability in Camel meat.

Sultan S, Netzel G, Osborne S, Netzel M and Fletcher M (2015). In vitro digestion models for measuring Indospicine bioaccessibility and stability in Camel meat.. Tropical Agriculture Conference, Brisbane Australia, 16-18 November 2015.

In vitro digestion models for measuring Indospicine bioaccessibility and stability in Camel meat.

2015

Book Chapter

Suspected toxic hepatopathy of plant origin in wild southern hairy nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons)

Woolford, Lucy, Fletcher, Mary and Boardman, Wayne (2015). Suspected toxic hepatopathy of plant origin in wild southern hairy nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons). Poisonous Plants: Toxicology, Ecology, Management, and Medicine. (pp. 100-106) edited by Mengli Zhao, Terrie Wierenga and Kip Panter. Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China: ISOPP9.

Suspected toxic hepatopathy of plant origin in wild southern hairy nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons)

2014

Conference Publication

Effect of increasing low dose simplexin exposure in cattle consuming Pimelia trichostachya

Fletcher, Mary T., Chow, Sharon and Ossedryver, Selina M. (2014). Effect of increasing low dose simplexin exposure in cattle consuming Pimelia trichostachya. Washington, DC, United States: American Chemical Society. doi: 10.1021/jf5005644

Effect of increasing low dose simplexin exposure in cattle consuming Pimelia trichostachya

2014

Journal Article

Suspected pyrrolizidine alkaloid hepatotoxicosis in wild southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons)

Woodford, Lucy, Fletcher, Mary T. and Boardman, Wayne S. J. (2014). Suspected pyrrolizidine alkaloid hepatotoxicosis in wild southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62 (30), 7413-7418. doi: 10.1021/jf405811n

Suspected pyrrolizidine alkaloid hepatotoxicosis in wild southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons)

2014

Journal Article

Determination of hepatotoxic indospicine in Australian camel meat by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Tan, Eddie T. T., Fletcher, Mary T., Yong, Ken W. L., D'Arcy, Bruce R. and Al Jassim, Rafat (2014). Determination of hepatotoxic indospicine in Australian camel meat by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62 (8), 1974-1979. doi: 10.1021/jf4052495

Determination of hepatotoxic indospicine in Australian camel meat by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

2014

Conference Publication

Indigofera linnaei - a problem legume across northern pastures

Fletcher, M. T., Tan, E. T. T. and Silcock, R. G. (2014). Indigofera linnaei - a problem legume across northern pastures. Joint ISNH/ISRP International Conference 2014: Harnessing the Ecology and Physiology of Herbivores, Canberra, ACT, Australia, 8-12 September 2014. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Society for Animal Production.

Indigofera linnaei - a problem legume across northern pastures

2014

Conference Publication

Indigofera linnaei – a problem legume across Northern Pastures

Fletcher, Mary T., Tan, Eddie and Silcock, Richard (2014). Indigofera linnaei – a problem legume across Northern Pastures. International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores/International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology, Canberra A.C.T., 8-12 September 2014. Toowong, QLD Australia: The Australian Society of Animal Production.

Indigofera linnaei – a problem legume across Northern Pastures

2014

Conference Publication

Aflatoxin contamination predictions in maize using near infrared spectroscopy.

Falade, T.D.O, Fletcher M, Harvey J., Darnell, R, Sultanbawa Y, Were S., Karanja J, Turner W., Stasiewicz M. and Fox G. (2014). Aflatoxin contamination predictions in maize using near infrared spectroscopy.. The 16th Australian Near Infrared Spectroscopy Group Conference, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 4 -7 May 2014.

Aflatoxin contamination predictions in maize using near infrared spectroscopy.

2014

Conference Publication

Phosphorous supplements in pregnancy improve lactation performance of young cows

Castells, L., McNeill, D. M., Dixon, R. M., Kidd, L. J., Fletcher, M. T. and Goodwin, K. (2014). Phosphorous supplements in pregnancy improve lactation performance of young cows. Joint ISNH/ISRP International Conference 2014: Harnessing the Ecology and Physiology of Herbivores, Canberra, ACT, Australia, 8-12 September 2014. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australian Society for Animal Production.

Phosphorous supplements in pregnancy improve lactation performance of young cows

2014

Conference Publication

Phosphorus supplements in pregnancy improve lactation performance of young cows

Castells domingo, Llorenc, McNeill, David, Dixon, Robert, Kidd, Lisa, Fletcher, Mary T. and Goodwin, Kerry (2014). Phosphorus supplements in pregnancy improve lactation performance of young cows. International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores/International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology, Canberra A.C.T., 8-12 September 2014. Toowong, QLD Australia: The Australian Society of Animal Production.

Phosphorus supplements in pregnancy improve lactation performance of young cows

2013

Journal Article

Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of three ponies

Ossedryver, S. M., Baldwin, G. I., Stone, B. M., McKenzie, R. A., van Eps, A. W., Murray, S. and Fletcher, M. T. (2013). Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of three ponies. Australian Veterinary Journal, 91 (4), 143-149. doi: 10.1111/avj.12032

Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of three ponies

2013

Conference Publication

Suspected toxic hepatopathy of plant origin in wild southern hairy nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons)

Woolford, L., Fletcher, M. and Boardman, W. (2013). Suspected toxic hepatopathy of plant origin in wild southern hairy nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons). ISOPP9: 9th International Symposium on Poisonous Plants. 第九届世界有毒植物研讨会, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China, 15-17 July, 2013.

Suspected toxic hepatopathy of plant origin in wild southern hairy nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons)

2013

Conference Publication

Prolonged exposure of cattle to low levels of Pimelea toxins

Fletcher, M. T., Ossedryver, S. M. and Chow, S. (2013). Prolonged exposure of cattle to low levels of Pimelea toxins. ISOPP9: 9th International Symposium on Poisonous Plants. 第九届世界有毒植物研讨会, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China, 15-17 July, 2013.

Prolonged exposure of cattle to low levels of Pimelea toxins

2013

Conference Publication

Detection of aflatoxins in isolated Aspergillus spp. from infected maize

Pang, Y. L., Dora, L., Yong, K. W. L., Were, V., Chaliha, M., Fernando, W. C., Cusack, A., Currie, M., Turner, W. J., Fletcher, M. T., Fox, G. P., Harvey, J. J. W. and Sultanbawa, Y. (2013). Detection of aflatoxins in isolated Aspergillus spp. from infected maize. 46th Annual AIFST Convention, South Bank, QLD, Australia, 14-16 July, 2013.

Detection of aflatoxins in isolated Aspergillus spp. from infected maize

2013

Book Chapter

Improving diagnostics for aflatoxin detection

Harvey, Jagger, Gnonlonfin, Benoi, Fletcher, Mary, Fox, Glen, Trowell, Stephen, Berna, Amalia, Nelson, Rebecca and Darnell, Ross (2013). Improving diagnostics for aflatoxin detection. Aflatoxins: finding solutions for improved food safety. (pp. 1-2) Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute. doi: 10.2499/9780896296763

Improving diagnostics for aflatoxin detection

2013

Conference Publication

Analysis of aflatoxins in single kernels of Kenyan maize

Turner, W. J., Fletcher, M.T., Pang, Y. L., Dora, L., Fox, G. P., Darnell, R. and Harvey, J. J. W. (2013). Analysis of aflatoxins in single kernels of Kenyan maize. 46th Annual AIFST Convention, South Bank, QLD, Australia, 14-16 July 2013.

Analysis of aflatoxins in single kernels of Kenyan maize

2013

Conference Publication

Isolation and characterization of Aspergillus spp from contaminated maize

Dora, L., Pang, Y. L., Fernando, W. C., Cusack, A., Currie, M., Chaliha, M., Fletcher, M. T., Fox, G. P., Harvey, J. J. W. and Sultanbawa, Y. (2013). Isolation and characterization of Aspergillus spp from contaminated maize. 46th Annual AIFST Convention, South Bank, QLD, Australia, 14-16 July 2013.

Isolation and characterization of Aspergillus spp from contaminated maize

2012

Conference Publication

Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of horses in Australia

Ossedryver, S. M. and Fletcher, M. T. (2012). Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of horses in Australia. 7th Conference of The World Mycotoxin Forum and XIIIth IUPAC International Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins (WMFmeetsIUPAC2012), Rotterdam, Netherlands, 5-9 November 2012.

Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of horses in Australia

2012

Conference Publication

Ptaquiloside survey of milk samples from Atherton Tableland

Fletcher, Mary T., Gummow, Bruce, Brock, Ian J, Tranter, William P. and Gardiner, Christopher P. (2012). Ptaquiloside survey of milk samples from Atherton Tableland. 12th Government Food Analysts Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 22-24 February 2011. Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia: Health and Food Sciences Precinct (HFSP).

Ptaquiloside survey of milk samples from Atherton Tableland

Funding

Current funding

  • 2023 - 2025
    Harnessing the synbio potential of Australia's stingless bees, the first step
    Sugar Research Australia Limited
    Open grant
  • 2022 - 2025
    Developing cutting-edge capability for atypical saccharides in emerging and novel foods
    Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services
    Open grant
  • 2022 - 2027
    EAP - Biopolymers to deliver bioactive compounds that reduce enteric methane
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant

Past funding

  • 2023 - 2024
    Indospicine from the Australian plant Indigofera spicata as potential anticancer agent
    Ukraine-Australia Research Fund
    Open grant
  • 2021
    Rapid and Non-destructive Identification of Mycotoxins in Animal Feed Ingredients
    Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries
    Open grant
  • 2020 - 2021
    Authentication of Australian stingless bee honey - proof of concept study
    Queensland Health
    Open grant
  • 2020 - 2021
    Optimising bioactive content of Australian stingless bee honey
    Agrifutures Australia
    Open grant
  • 2018 - 2019
    Improving nitrogen usage efficiency to reduce the environmental impact of beef cattle
    UQ-FAPESP Strategic Research Fund SPRINT
    Open grant
  • 2018 - 2023
    Nitrogen recycling as determinant for feed efficiency of Bos indicus cattle
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2018 - 2022
    Improving beef production through management of plant toxins
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2017 - 2018
    Analysis of environmental contaminants in Australian/Queensland honey
    Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services
    Open grant
  • 2017 - 2018
    Pimelea toxicity - finding potential solutions for managing cattle poisoning
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2016 - 2018
    The risk of pyrollizidine alkaloids in Queensland honey
    Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services
    Open grant
  • 2016 - 2017
    Bio-actives: Value-adding to industrial hemp production
    UQ Collaboration and Industry Engagement Fund - FirstLink
    Open grant
  • 2015 - 2017
    Indospicine - managing the risk of residues in Western Australia meat
    Western Australian Department of Primary Industries and Rural Development
    Open grant
  • 2014 - 2016
    Native plant extracts for extended shelf life in corn
    Rural Industries Research & Development Corporation
    Open grant
  • 2012 - 2017
    Improved management of cattle phosphorus status through applied physiology
    Meat & Livestock Australia
    Open grant
  • 2011 - 2015
    Capacity and Action for Aflatoxin Reduction in Eastern Africa
    CSIRO
    Open grant
  • 2003 - 2004
    Linking structure to activity: identification of fruit fly sex pheromones with potential for pest management
    UQ New Staff Research Start-Up Fund
    Open grant

Supervision

Availability

Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher is:
Not available for supervision

Supervision history

Current supervision

Completed supervision

Media

Enquiries

For media enquiries about Emerita Professor Mary Fletcher's areas of expertise, story ideas and help finding experts, contact our Media team:

communications@uq.edu.au