
Overview
Background
Professor Simon Cool is Professor of Bioengineering and Director of the UQ Advanced Cell Therapy Manufacturing Initiative in the School of Chemical Engineering at the University of Queensland.
Professor Cool began his scientific career at the University of Queensland more than 20 years ago. He received his BSc (hons) and PhD degrees from the University of Queensland, where he subsequently held a faculty position in the School of Biomedical Sciences. His areas of studies have included age-related changes in the structure of bone and teeth and the extracellular matrix compartment of skeletal tissue that guide stem cell behaviour and wound repair. Professor Cool was invited to join the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore in 2003 as a Principal Investigator. He then joined A*STAR’s Institute of Medical Biology (IMB) in 2008, shortly after its inception, to further his research in regenerative medicine, serving as Senior Principal Investigator of the Glycotherapeutics Group. In October 2020, Professor Cool re-joined the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB) as a Research Director, Glycotherapeutics, where he focused on developing novel glycosaminoglycan biomolecules that enhance wound repair and control adult human mesenchymal stem cell activity.
Professor Cool has 117 patent applications across 26 families with 51 granted in the fields of glycosaminoglycan biochemistry, regenerative medicine and stem cell science. He has more than 150 publications and continues to foster strong strategic collaborations both nationally and internationally with academic and industry groups. He has a strong biomanufacturing and translational focus with experience in taking glycosaminoglycan-based devices through discovery RnD on to pre-clinical and clinical testing. Professor Cool also has an entrepreneurial and licensing background having successfully spun-off some of his technology to a US-based regenerative medicine start-up company, SMC Biotechnology Ltd. Professor Cool holds a Visiting Professor appointment at the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore and an Adjunct Professor (Research) appointment in the Orthopaedic Department at the National University of Singapore (NUS). Prior to his move back to UQ, he previously held the position of Treasurer, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society, Asia Pacific Chapter (TERMIS-AP) and Treasurer, Stem Cell Society Singapore (SCSS). He also held senior leadership positions in several Singapore-based R&D programmes, notably as Director, Allogeneic Stem Cell Manufacturing (ASTEM) and Theme Leader in Advanced Manufacturing for Biological Materials (AMBM). Prof Cool currently serves on the Editorial Board of the journals Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, and is Asia-Pacific Regional Editor for Stem Cells and Development.
Availability
- Professor Simon Cool is:
- Available for supervision
Fields of research
Qualifications
- Bachelor of Science (Honours), unknown
- PhD, unknown
Research interests
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Manufacturing highly-potent stem cells
Developing novel media, assays, and processes to enable the scale-up manufacturing of cell therapy products.
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Rejuvenation of ageing stem cells
Developing innovative methods to rejuvenate ageing stem cells to generate best-in-class cell banks for therapeutic use.
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Synthesis of glycosaminoglycans as medical devices
Developing scalable methods to manufacture fully synthetic glycosaminoglycans for use as media additives, biocoatings and medical devices for treating disease, injury or trauma.
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Modification of stem cells to improve their therapeutic utility
Altering stem cell surfaces to encourage protein binding and drive stem cell fate decisions for improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Enhanced angiogenesis through glycosaminoglycan administration and medical device formulation
Developing pro-angiogenic microenvironments using novel glycosaminoglycan formulations.
Research impacts
I have over 25 years of leadership in identifying novel heparan sulphate (HS) glycosaminoglycan (GAG) sugars within stem cell niches and repairing tissues. These sugars sequester, protect, hold, and present key growth factors to stem cells. I have successfully used this complexation paradigm to unlock pathways critical to stem cell biology, mainly signalling cascades essential for maintaining naïve phenotypes. I have also shown that this strategy effectively develops bioadditives for manufacturing cell therapy devices for treating vascular ischemia/stroke, cartilage regeneration, and bone repair. A significant part of this pioneering effort has been manufacturing HS variants that mimic sugars in native tissues. Anchoring this strategy is my novel discovery platform that identifies specific domains in HS chains that form complexes with growth factors and growth factor receptors to generate powerful signalling complexes that mediate cell-fate decisions and potentiate tissue regeneration. Using this blueprint, I have developed a library of bio-inspired HS variants and subjected them to structure/function analyses. I strongly advocate for the safety/tolerability testing of HS materials and continue to lead industry-based projects in this area. I have considerable experience leading outcome-focused multidisciplinary research teams across all scientific discovery and translation aspects, with a proven track record in developing transformative technology and biotechnology entrepreneurship. I lead a long-standing effort to bank mesenchymal stem cells cultured in HS-supplemented media to treat age-related diseases (pre-clinical stage only) and have been working to transition this project to a commercial facility to develop suitable manufacturing and banking protocols for future clinical testing. Through these various opportunities, I have mentored numerous PhD students in Australia, Singapore, and the UK, which has helped accelerate research opportunities and led to significant gains in generating novel findings.
Works
Search Professor Simon Cool’s works on UQ eSpace
2020
Journal Article
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: key mediators of stem cell function
Ravikumar, Maanasa, Smith, Raymond Alexander Alfred, Nurcombe, Victor and Cool, Simon M. (2020). Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: key mediators of stem cell function. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 8 581213, 581213. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581213
2020
Journal Article
A genomic biomarker that identifies human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with high scalability
Sathiyanathan, Padmapriya, Samsonraj, Rebekah M., Tan, Clarissa L. L., Ling, Ling, Lezhava, Alexander, Nurconnbe, Victor, Stanton, Lawrence W. and Cool, Simon M. (2020). A genomic biomarker that identifies human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with high scalability. Stem Cells, 38 (9), 1124-1136. doi: 10.1002/stem.3203
2020
Journal Article
Vascular endothelial growth factor 165-binding heparan sulfate promotes functional recovery from cerebral ischemia
Chan, Su Jing, Esposito, Elga, Hayakawa, Kazuhide, Mandaville, Emiri, Smith, Raymond A. A., Guo, Shuzhen, Niu, Wanting, Wong, Peter Tsun-Hong, Cool, Simon M., Lo, Eng H. and Nurcombe, Victor (2020). Vascular endothelial growth factor 165-binding heparan sulfate promotes functional recovery from cerebral ischemia. Stroke, 51 (9), 2844-2853. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.025304
2020
Journal Article
In reply
Cool, Simon M., Sathiyanathan, Padmapriya, Samsonraj, Rebekah M., Tan, Clarissa L. L., Ling, Ling, Lezhava, Alexander, Nurcombe, Victor and Stanton, Lawrence W. (2020). In reply. Stem Cells, 38 (11), E7-E8. doi: 10.1002/stem.3264
2020
Journal Article
Inhibition of the epigenetic suppressor EZH2 primes osteogenic differentiation mediated by BMP2
Dudakovic, Amel, Samsonraj, Rebekah M., Paradise, Christopher R., Galeano-Garces, Catalina, Mol, Merel O., Galeano-Garces, Daniela, Zan, Pengfei, Galvan, M Lizeth, Hevesi, Mario, Pichurin, Oksana, Thaler, Roman, Begun, Dana L., Kloen, Peter, Karperien, Marcel, Larson, A. Noelle, Westendorf, Jennifer J., Cool, Simon M. and van Wijnen, Andre J. (2020). Inhibition of the epigenetic suppressor EZH2 primes osteogenic differentiation mediated by BMP2. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 295 (23), 7877-7893. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.011685
2020
Conference Publication
A synthetic heparan sulphate mimetic for enhancing BMP-2-mediated osteogenesis and bone regeneration
Smith, R.A., Lu, X., Tan, T., Luo, X., Le, B.Q., Zubkova, O.V., Cool, S. and Nurcombe, V. (2020). A synthetic heparan sulphate mimetic for enhancing BMP-2-mediated osteogenesis and bone regeneration. ISCT 2020, Paris, France, 26-29 May 2020. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.017
2020
Journal Article
Ascorbate and iron are required for the specification and long-term self-renewal of human skeletal mesenchymal stromal cells
Liu, Tong Ming, Yildirim, Ege Deniz, Li, Pin, Fang, Hai Tong, Denslin, Vinitha, Kumar, Vibhor, Loh, Yuin Han, Lee, Eng Hin, Cool, Simon M., Teh, Bin Tean, Hui, James H., Lim, Bing and Shyh-Chang, Ng (2020). Ascorbate and iron are required for the specification and long-term self-renewal of human skeletal mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Reports, 14 (2), 210-225. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.01.002
2020
Journal Article
Enhancing the efficacy of stem cell therapy with glycosaminoglycans
Ling, Ling, Ren, Xiafei, Cao, Xue, Hassan, Afizah Binte Mohd, Mah, Sophia, Sathiyanathan, Padmapriya, Smith, Raymond A. A., Tan, Clarissa L. L., Eio, Michelle, Samsonraj, Rebekah M., Van Wijnen, Andre J., Raghunath, Michael, Nurcombe, Victor, Hui, James H. and Cool, Simon M. (2020). Enhancing the efficacy of stem cell therapy with glycosaminoglycans. Stem Cell Reports, 14 (1), 105-121. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.12.003
2019
Journal Article
Bringing heparan sulfate glycomics together with proteomics for the design of novel therapeutics: A historical perspective
Nurcombe, Victor, Ling, Ling, Hondermarck, Hubert, Cool, Simon M. and Smith, Raymond A. A. (2019). Bringing heparan sulfate glycomics together with proteomics for the design of novel therapeutics: A historical perspective. Proteomics, 19 (21-22) 1800466, 1800466. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201800466
2019
Journal Article
Vascular cells and tissue constructs derived from human pluripotent stem cells for toxicological screening
Titmarsh, Drew M., Nurcombe, Victor, Cheung, Christine and Cool, Simon M. (2019). Vascular cells and tissue constructs derived from human pluripotent stem cells for toxicological screening. Stem Cells and Development, 28 (20), 1347-1364. doi: 10.1089/scd.2018.0246
2019
Conference Publication
Biomimicry of glycosaminoglycans in the bone marrow microenvironment favour the expansion of highly potent human mesenchymal stem cells
Ling, L., Ren, X., Hassan, A. Binte Mohd, Mah, S., Smith, R. A., Tan, C., van Wijnen, A., Raghunath, M., Nurcombe, V., Hui, J. and Cool, S. (2019). Biomimicry of glycosaminoglycans in the bone marrow microenvironment favour the expansion of highly potent human mesenchymal stem cells. ISCT 2019, Melbourne, VIC Australia, 29 May - 1 June 2019. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.463
2019
Journal Article
A heparan sulfate device for the regeneration of osteochondral defects
Lee, Jonathan H., Luo, Xiaoman, Ren, Xiafei, Tan, Tuan Chun, Smith, Raymond A.A., Swaminathan, Kunchithapadam, Sekar, Sakthivel, Bhakoo, Kishore, Nurcombe, Victor, Hui, James H. and Cool, Simon M. (2019). A heparan sulfate device for the regeneration of osteochondral defects. Tissue Engineering - Part A, 25 (5-6), 352-363. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0171
2019
Journal Article
Autologous bone marrow clot as an alternative to autograft for bone defect healing
Lim, Z. X.H., Rai, B., Tan, T. C., Ramruttun, A. K., Hui, J. H., Nurcombe, V., Teoh, S. H. and Cool, S. M. (2019). Autologous bone marrow clot as an alternative to autograft for bone defect healing. Bone and Joint Research, 8 (3), 107-117. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.83.BJR-2018-0096.R1
2019
Journal Article
A polycaprolactone-beta-tricalcium phosphateeheparan sulphate device for cranioplasty
Le, Bach Quang, Rai, Bina, Lim, Zophia Xue Hui, Tan, Tuan Chun, Lin, Tingxuan, Lee, Jaslyn Jie Lin, Murali, Sadasivam, Teoh, Swee Hin, Nurcombe, Victor and Cool, Simon McKenzie (2019). A polycaprolactone-beta-tricalcium phosphateeheparan sulphate device for cranioplasty. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, 47 (2), 341-348. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.11.013
Featured
2018
Journal Article
Minimum structural requirements for BMP-2-binding of heparin oligosaccharides
Smith, Raymond A.A., Murali, Sadasivam, Rai, Bina, Lu, Xiaohua, Lim, Zophia Xue Hui, Lee, Jaslyn J.L., Nurcombe, Victor and Cool, Simon M. (2018). Minimum structural requirements for BMP-2-binding of heparin oligosaccharides. Biomaterials, 184, 41-55. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.056
2018
Journal Article
Improved recovery from limb ischaemia by delivery of an affinity-isolated heparan sulphate
Poon, Selina, Lu, Xiaohua, Smith, Raymond A. A., Ho, Pei, Bhakoo, Kishore, Nurcombe, Victor and Cool, Simon M. (2018). Improved recovery from limb ischaemia by delivery of an affinity-isolated heparan sulphate. Angiogenesis, 21 (4), 777-791. doi: 10.1007/s10456-018-9622-9
2018
Journal Article
Validation of osteogenic properties of cytochalasin D by high-resolution RNA-sequencing in mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissues
Samsonraj, Rebekah M., Paradise, Christopher R., Dudakovic, Amel, Sen, Buer, Nair, Asha A., Dietz, Allan B., Deyle, David R., Cool, Simon M., Rubin, Janet and Van Wijnen, Andre J. (2018). Validation of osteogenic properties of cytochalasin D by high-resolution RNA-sequencing in mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissues. Stem Cells and Development, 27 (16), 1136-1145. doi: 10.1089/scd.2018.0037
2018
Journal Article
Immobilization of vitronectin-binding heparan sulfates onto surfaces to support human pluripotent stem cells
Yap, Lynn, Murali, Sadasivam, Bhakta, Gajadhar, Titmarsh, Drew M., Chen, Allen Kuan-Liang, Chiin Sim, Lyn, Bardor, Muriel, Lim, Yu Ming, Goh, James C.H., Oh, Steve K.W., Choo, Andre B.H., van Wijnen, Andre J., Robinson, David E., Whittle, Jason D., Birch, William R., Short, Robert D., Nurcombe, Victor and Cool, Simon M. (2018). Immobilization of vitronectin-binding heparan sulfates onto surfaces to support human pluripotent stem cells. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part B Applied Biomaterials, 106 (5), 1887-1896. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.33999
2018
Journal Article
Fibrin glue mediated delivery of bone anabolic reagents to enhance healing of tendon to bone
Soreide, Endre, Denbeigh, Janet M., Lewallen, Eric A., Samsonraj, Rebekah M., Berglund, Lawrence J., Dudakovic, Amel, Cool, Simon M., Nordsletten, Lars, Kakar, Sanjeev and van Wijnen, Andre J. (2018). Fibrin glue mediated delivery of bone anabolic reagents to enhance healing of tendon to bone. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 119 (7), 5715-5724. doi: 10.1002/jcb.26755
2018
Journal Article
Retention of the structure and function of heparan sulfate biomaterials after gamma irradiation
Smith, Raymond A. A., Chua, R. J. E., Carnachan, Susan M., Tan, Clarissa L. L., Sims, Ian M., Hinkley, Simon F. R., Nurcombe, Victor and Cool, Simon M. (2018). Retention of the structure and function of heparan sulfate biomaterials after gamma irradiation. Tissue Engineering - Part A, 24 (9-10), 729-739. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0263
Funding
Past funding
Supervision
Availability
- Professor Simon Cool is:
- Available for supervision
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Available projects
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Orthopaedic application of glycotherapeutics linked to implantable scaffolds
We have developed a range of glycosaminoglycan compounds that drive cell fate decisions through complexation with protein/protein receptors that are important for bone formation. Here we seek to coat implantable scaffolds (doi: 10.1116/1.4933109) with these materials and to progress these implantable orthopaedic devices through a range of preclinical models in an effort to define their future clinical utility.
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Age-related changes in stem cell glycosaminoglycans
We have identified a range of glycosaminoglycan-altering enzymes that can potentially drive senescent phenotypes linked to stem cell ageing during scale-up manufacturing. Here we seek to develop glycosaminoglycan variants capable of replenishing these lost glycosaminoglycan structures that can restore growth and potency.
Supervision history
Current supervision
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Doctor Philosophy
Elucidating the effects of potency biomarkers on cellular reprogramming and differentiation in adult stem cells
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Nathan Palpant, Dr Alex Smith
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Doctor Philosophy
Regenerative engineering solutions for rotator cuff repair using stem cells and bioactives
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Lisbeth Grondahl, Professor Justin Cooper-White
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Doctor Philosophy
Fabrication of sulfated alginate nano-particles for protein delivery
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Lisbeth Grondahl, Dr Ali Shokoohmand
Completed supervision
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2009
Doctor Philosophy
Heparan sulphate releasing biomaterials for tissue engineering
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Lisbeth Grondahl
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2005
Doctor Philosophy
AUGMENTING OSTEOGENESIS THROUGH CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL STIMULATION: THE USE OF LOADING AND HEPARAN SULFATE TO ENHANCE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BONE FORMATION
Principal Advisor
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2008
Doctor Philosophy
THE NOVEL ISOLATION OF HEPARAN SULFATE WITH A SPECIFIC AFFINITY FOR BONE MORPHOGENTIC PROTEIN 2
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Associate Professor Peter Noakes
Media
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