Overview
Background
I am a Senior Lecturer in Astrophysics in the School of Mathematics and Physics at the University of Queensland, and recipient of the 2026 Pawsey Medal from the Australian Academy of Science. My research focuses on mapping the positions and motions of millions of galaxies to understand how our Universe has evolved since the Big Bang — and to shed light on the mysterious dark matter and dark energy that make up 95% of everything in it.
I work on some of the largest galaxy surveys ever undertaken including
- DESI (the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) — a project mapping tens of millions of galaxies across the Universe.
- 4HS (the 4MOST Hemisphere Survey) — a new southern-sky survey that began observations in 2026, in which I lead the cosmology team
To analyse the enormous datasets these surveys produce, my team develops cutting-edge computing and statistical tools — techniques for making sense of extraordinarily large and complex data that are increasingly finding uses beyond astronomy.
Academic Background
- Undergraduate: MPhys 1st Class Honours - University of Sussex, 2008-2012
- Postgraduate: PhD - University of Portmouth, 2012-2016
- Research Associate - University of Western Australia, 2015-2019
- Research Fellow in Cosmology - University of Queensland, 2019-
Availability
- Dr Cullan Howlett is:
- Available for supervision
- Media expert
Fields of research
Qualifications
- Doctor of Philosophy, University of Portsmouth
Research interests
-
Testing gravity using galaxy positions and motions
One compelling way to explain dark matter and dark energy is that our current theory of gravity (General Relativity) doesn't work on scales much larger than the Solar system. One of my interests is developing different models and understanding how they can be proven or disproven with galaxy properties.
-
Fast simulations of large scale structure
Current state of the art simulations are able to simulate the distributions of billions of galaxies, but these are very slow and can take weeks to run on the largest supercomputers. I'm interested in new approximate ways for generating these simulations or cool computational techniques such as machine learning, that can be run in a fraction of the time, or on fewer processors.
-
New statistical methods for analysing distributions of galaxies
In addition to theoretical developments, I'm interested in looking for new statistical ways to use the galaxy data we have to give us insight into the Universe.
-
Gravitational waves
Gravitational waves, first detected in 2015 are the new hot topic in physics and offer interesting ways to test cosmology. I'm interested in creating simulated catalogues of gravitational waves and using these to working out what cosmological insights gravitational waves can bring
Research impacts
What is the Universe actually made of? Everything we can see — every star, planet, and galaxy — makes up only about 5% of it. The rest is dark matter and dark energy: invisible, mysterious, and completely unlike anything we have ever detected in a laboratory. Understanding what they are is arguably the biggest open question in modern science.
My research extracts clues from the way galaxies move and cluster together across scales far beyond our own Milky Way galaxy, where the fingerprints of dark matter and dark energy are imprinted. I work on some of the largest galaxy surveys ever undertaken, and played a central role in recent results from the DESI collaboration that hint dark energy may be changing over time — a finding that, if confirmed, would rewrite textbook cosmology.
Beyond the science itself, the statistical and computing tools my team develops to handle these enormous datasets find applications in other fields, from finance to environmental modelling. And through my research group and teaching at UQ, I help train students in the quantitative skills that are in high demand across science, industry, and government.
History tells us that understanding the fundamental nature of our Universe eventually leads to technologies we can't yet imagine. My hope is that one day, unlocking the secrets of dark matter and dark energy could lead to amazing new technologies that would revolutionise how we live, work and play.
Works
Search Professor Cullan Howlett’s works on UQ eSpace
2026
Conference Publication
SIRMOS optical design: NIR spectroscopy of 100,000,000 galaxies at 1 < z < 4 and R~1300
Content, Robert, Wang, Yun, Robberto, Massimo, Wirth, Gregory, Lawrence, Jon, Spitler, Lee, Dickinson, Mark, Greene, Thomas, Kruck, Jeffrey, Percival, Will, Faisst, Andreas, Hillenbrand, Lynne, Kartaltepe, Jeyhan, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Samushia, Lado, Armus, Lee, Beutler, Florian, Benson, Andrew, Bolzonella, Micol, Brieden, Samuel, Brinchmann, Jarle, Daddi, Emanuele, Finner, Kyle, Hearin, Andrew, Howlett, Cullan, Mosby, Gregory, Mueller, Eva-Maria, Nadathur, Seshadri, Ninkov, Zoran ... Smee, Stephen (2026). SIRMOS optical design: NIR spectroscopy of 100,000,000 galaxies at 1 < z < 4 and R~1300. SPIE. doi: 10.1117/12.3105851
2026
Conference Publication
The SIRMOS mission concept: a space-based near-IR spectroscopic survey of 100 million galaxies in the Euclid Wide Survey footprint
Wirth, Gregory D., Wang, Yun, Robberto, Massimo, Dickinson, Mark, Greene, Thomas, Kruk, Jeffrey, Percival, Will, Schlieder, Joshua E., Faisst, Andreas, Hillenbrand, Lynne, Kartaltepe, Jeyhan, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Samushia, Lado, Content, Robert, Bolzonella, Micol, Brieden, Samuel, Armus, Lee, Bahr-Kalus, Benedict, Benson, Andrew, Beutler, Florian, Brinchmann, Jarle, Cutlip, Hansford, Daddi, Emanuele, Finner, Kyle, Forsyth, Jason, Glaister, David, Gorham, Carlita, Hearin, Andrew, Howlett, Cullan ... Streetman, Scott (2026). The SIRMOS mission concept: a space-based near-IR spectroscopic survey of 100 million galaxies in the Euclid Wide Survey footprint. SPIE. doi: 10.1117/12.3104870
2026
Journal Article
The velocity coherence scale: a novel probe of cosmic homogeneity and a potential standard ruler
Giani, Leonardo, Howlett, Cullan, Blake, Chris, Turner, Ryan and Davis, Tamara M. (2026). The velocity coherence scale: a novel probe of cosmic homogeneity and a potential standard ruler. Open Journal of Astrophysics, 9, 1-19. doi: 10.33232/001c.166880
2026
Journal Article
DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillations from the Lyman alpha forest multipoles
Karaçaylı, Naim Göksel, Cuceu, Andrei, Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bailey, S., BenZvi, S., Bianchi, D., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., de la Macorra, A., Dey, B., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Ferraro, S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gutierrez, G., Hahn, C., Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Kehoe, R., Kirkby, D. ... Zou, H. (2026). DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillations from the Lyman alpha forest multipoles. Physical Review D, 114 (4) 043518. doi: 10.1103/YL3V-CYCK
2026
Journal Article
The DESI DR1 Peculiar Velocity Survey: Fundamental Plane Catalogue
Ross, C. E., Howlett, C., Lucey, J. R., Said, K., Davis, T. M., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Amsellem, A. J., Bautista, J., BenZvi, S., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Brooks, D., Carr, A., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., de la Macorra, A., Dey, B., Doel, P., Douglass, K., Ferraro, S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho A Gontcho, S., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D. ... Zou, H. (2026). The DESI DR1 Peculiar Velocity Survey: Fundamental Plane Catalogue. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, 1-24. doi: 10.1017/pasa.2026.10204
2026
Journal Article
Revisiting GW170817 at milliarcsecond scale: high-precision constraints on jet geometry and H0
Gourdji, Kelly, Deller, Adam T., Flynn, Chris, Govreen-Segal, Taya, Howlett, Cullan, Mooley, Kunal P. and Nakar, Ehud (2026). Revisiting GW170817 at Milliarcsecond Scale: High-precision Constraints on Jet Geometry and H 0. The Astrophysical Journal, 1005 (1) 93, 93-93. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae706c
2026
Journal Article
The DESI DR1 Peculiar Velocity Survey: global zero-point and H0 constraints
Carr, A., Howlett, C., Amsellem, A. J., Davis, Tamara M., Said, K., Parkinson, D., Palmese, A., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bautista, J., BenZvi, S., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., de la Macorra, A., Doel, P., Douglass, K., Ferraro, S., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho A Gontcho, S., Gutierrez, G., Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., Ishak, M., Joyce, R. ... Zou, H. (2026). The DESI DR1 Peculiar Velocity Survey: global zero-point and H0 constraints. The Astrophysical Journal, 1004 (2) 235, 1-17. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae6866
2026
Journal Article
Fiducial-cosmology-dependent systematics for the DESI 2024 full-shape analysis
Gsponer, R., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rodríguez-Martínez, F., Vargas-Magaña, M., Novell-Masot, S., Findlay, N., Gil-Marín, H., Zarrouk, P., Nadathur, S., Rocher, A., Brieden, S., Pérez-Fernández, A., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Castander, F.J., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Dey, Arjun, Doel, P., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J.E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho, S.Gontcho A., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J. ... Zou, H. (2026). Fiducial-cosmology-dependent systematics for the DESI 2024 full-shape analysis. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2026 (06) 010, 010. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2026/06/010
2026
Journal Article
Emulating galaxy and peculiar velocity clustering on non-linear scales
Dumerchat, T., Bautista, J., Ravoux, C., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., BenZvi, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., de la Macorra, A., Doel, P., Ferraro, S., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho A Gontcho, S., Gutierrez, G., Hahn, C., Howlett, C., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Kirkby, D., Kremin, A., Lamman, C., Landriau, M., Le Guillou, L., Manera, M., Miquel, R., Nadathur, S., Percival, W. J. ... Zou, H. (2026). Emulating galaxy and peculiar velocity clustering on non-linear scales. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 710 A155, 1-15. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202659295
2026
Journal Article
Parity-odd four-point correlation function from the DESI data release 1 luminous red galaxy sample
Hou, Jiamin, Cahn, Robert N., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Cahn, R. N., Claybaugh, T., Doel, P., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztanaga, E., Le Guillou, L., Gutierrez, G., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Kremin, A., Lahav, O., Lamman, C., Landriau, M., de la Macorra, A., Miquel, R., Nadathur, S., Niz, G., Percival, W. J., Perez-Rafols, I., Prada, F., Rossi, G. ... Zou, H. (2026). Parity-odd four-point correlation function from the DESI data release 1 luminous red galaxy sample. Physical Review D, 113 (10) 103502. doi: 10.1103/2dmd-hyt1
2026
Journal Article
Detection of supernova magnitude fluctuations induced by large-scale structure
Nguyen, A., Blake, C., Turner, R. J., Aronica, V., Bautista, J., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Benzvi, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Carr, A., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., de la Macorra, A., Dey, B., Doel, P., Douglass, K., Ferraro, S., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Kehoe, R. ... Zou, H. (2026). DETECTION OF SUPERNOVA MAGNITUDE FLUCTUATIONS INDUCED BY LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE. Open Journal of Astrophysics, 9. doi: 10.33232/001c.161766
2026
Journal Article
Data Release 1 of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
DESI Collaboration, Abdul Karim, M., Adame, A. G., Aguado, D., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Aldering, G., Alexander, D. M., Alfarsy, R., Allen, L., Allende Prieto, C., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade, U., Armengaud, E., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Awan, H., Bailey, S., Baleato Lizancos, A., Ballester, O., Bault, A., Bautista, J., Bean, R., Behera, J., BenZvi, S., Beraldo e Silva, L., Bermejo-Climent, J. R. ... Zu, Y. (2026). Data Release 1 of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. The Astronomical Journal, 171 (5) 285, 1-34. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ae4c43
2026
Journal Article
Inference of the linear matter power spectrum at z = 0 using DESI DR1 Full-Shape data
Cereskaite, R., Mueller, E., Howlett, Cullan, Davis, Tamara M., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Castander, F.J., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., de la Macorra, A., Ferraro, S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J.E., Gaztañaga, E., Gutierrez, G., Hahn, C., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Juneau, S., Kirkby, D., Kremin, A., Lahav, O., Lambert, A., Landriau, M., Le Guillou, L. ... The DESI collaboration (2026). Inference of the linear matter power spectrum at z = 0 using DESI DR1 Full-Shape data. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2026 (04). doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2026/04/080
2026
Journal Article
Combined tracer analysis for DESI 2024 BAO
Valcin, D., Rashkovetskyi, M., Seo, H., Beutler, F., McDonald, P., de Mattia, A., Rosado-Marín, A.J., Ross, A.J., Padmanabhan, N., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Andrade, U., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Chaussidon, E., Chen, S., Chen, X., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., Dawson, K.S., de la Macorra, A., Dey, Biprateep, Ding, Z., Doel, P., Ferraro, S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J.E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho A Gontcho, S. ... Zou, H. (2026). Combined tracer analysis for DESI 2024 BAO. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2026 (04) 058, 1-37. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2026/04/058
2026
Journal Article
Probing the environment around GW170817 with DESI: insights on galaxy group peculiar velocities for standard siren measurements
Amsellem, A. J., Palmese, A., Douglass, K., Howlett, C., Karp, J. S. M., Magaña Hernandez, I., Moustakas, J., Wechsler, R. H., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., BenZvi, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Carr, A., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., de la Macorra, A., Dey, A., Dey, B., Doel, P., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho A Gontcho, S., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., Ishak, M., Joyce, R. ... THE DESI COLLABORATION (2026). Probing the environment around GW170817 with DESI: insights on galaxy group peculiar velocities for standard siren measurements. The Astrophysical Journal, 1001 (2) 157, 1-19. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae4b37
2026
Journal Article
The DESI DR1 peculiar velocity survey: growth rate measurements from the maximum likelihood fields method
Lai, Y., Howlett, C., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Amsellem, A. J., Bautista, J., BenZvi, S., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Brooks, D., Carr, A., Claybaugh, T., Davis, T. M., de la Macorra, A., Doel, P., Douglass, K., Ferraro, S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Huterer, D., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Kim, A., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T. ... Zou, H. (2026). The DESI DR1 peculiar velocity survey: growth rate measurements from the maximum likelihood fields method. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2026 (04) 026, 1-42. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2026/04/026
2026
Journal Article
DESI EDR: calibrating the Tully–Fisher Relationship with the DESI Peculiar Velocity Survey
Douglass, K., BenZvi, S., Uberoi, N., Howlett, C., Saulder, C., Said, K., Demina, R., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Aldering, G., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K. S., de la Macorra, A., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho A Gontcho, S., Gutierrez, G., Hahn, C., Honscheid, K., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Kisner, T., Kremin, A., Landriau, M. ... Zou, H. (2026). DESI EDR: calibrating the Tully–Fisher Relationship with the DESI Peculiar Velocity Survey. The Astrophysical Journal, 1001 (1) 20, 1-14. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae517b
2026
Journal Article
Identifying anomalous DESI galaxy spectra with a variational autoencoder
Nicolaou, C, Nathan, R P, Lahav, O, Palmese, A, Saintonge, A, Aguilar, J, Ahlen, S, Prieto, C Allende, Bailey, S, BenZvi, S, Bianchi, D, Brodzeller, A, Brooks, D, Claybaugh, T, de la Macorra, A, Costa, J Della, Dey, Arjun, Doel, P, Forero-Romero, J E, Gaztañaga, E, Gontcho, S Gontcho A, Gutierrez, G, Honscheid, K, Howlett, C, Ishak, M, Kehoe, R, Kirkby, D, Kisner, T, Kremin, A ... Zou, H (2026). Identifying anomalous DESI galaxy spectra with a variational autoencoder. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 547 (2) stag010, 1-22. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stag010
2026
Journal Article
H0 without the sound horizon (or supernovae): a 2% measurement in DESI DR1
Zaborowski, E.A., Taylor, P., Honscheid, K., Cuceu, A., de Mattia, A., Krolewski, A., Rashkovetskyi, M., Ross, A.J., To, C., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Anand, A., BenZvi, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., Castander, F.J., Claybaugh, T., de la Macorra, A., Della Costa, J., Doel, P., Ferraro, S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J.E., Gaztañaga, E., Gutierrez, G., Herrera-Alcantar, H.K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Ishak, M. ... Zou, H. (2026). H0 without the sound horizon (or supernovae): a 2% measurement in DESI DR1. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2026 (04) 004, 1-31. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2026/04/004
2026
Journal Article
The DESI DR1 peculiar velocity survey: growth rate measurements from the galaxy power spectrum
Qin, F., Blake, C., Howlett, C., Turner, R. J., Lodha, K., Bautista, J., Lai, Y., Amsellem, A. J., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bianchi, D., Brooks, D., BenZvi, S., Carr, A., Chaussidon, E., Claybaugh, T., Cuceu, A., de la Macorra, A., Douglass, K., Doel, P., Ferraro, S., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho A Gontcho, S., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K. ... Zou, H. (2026). The DESI DR1 peculiar velocity survey: growth rate measurements from the galaxy power spectrum. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 708 A219, 1-23. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202558368
Funding
Current funding
Supervision
Availability
- Dr Cullan Howlett is:
- Available for supervision
Looking for a supervisor? Read our advice on how to choose a supervisor.
Available projects
-
Mapping the Universe with DESI and 4HS
Maps of the positions of millions of galaxies in our Universe are used to refine our understanding of its components and evolution. However, these experiments have left us with more questions than answers. What is the nature of dark energy and dark matter? Is Einstein’s theory of General Relativity correct on scales beyond our solar system?
Upcoming surveys aim to answer these questions. But understanding how the distributions and motions of galaxies relate to fundamental physics and how to sift through this enormous amount of data to uncover the truth requires improving our analysis techniques and developing new ways to use the data.
Many projects are available under this theme, with different emphasis on mathematical theory, data analysis or computer programming. They could involve improving and speeding up methods for simulating the Universe on supercomputers. Or developing new mathematical models for describing how galaxies cluster and move relative to each other. Or, they could involve using real measurements of positions and velocities of galaxies we are currently obtaining or working towards with surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, WALLABY, or the 4MOST Hemisphere Survey.
-
Cosmology with gravitational waves
Gravitational waves are ripples in space-time that propogate away from massive compact objects as they merge, to hopefully, eventually, be detected here on Earth by the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave detectors. Gravitational waves hold information on some of the most exotic objects in the Universe such as black holes and neutron stars. They can also be used to test cosmological models, particularly because they act as "Standard Sirens" - the gravitational waveform tells us how far away the merging objects are which then can be used to work out how fast the Universe is expanding and how fast it's large scale structures are growing.
This project will look at techniques for extracting Standard Siren measurements from gravitational waves. In particular, developing simulated catalogues of gravitational wave events and then using these simulations to work out how best to extract cosmology from the real data. This project brings together a range of fields, from understanding the details of how black holes and neutron stars are formed, to theoretical modelling of future cosmology studies that might be possible once we have hundreds of gravitational waves.
Supervision history
Current supervision
-
Doctor Philosophy
Cosmology with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis, Dr Rossana Ruggeri
-
Doctor Philosophy
Fundamental Plane distances from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis
-
Doctor Philosophy
Supernova Cosmology with the Dark Energy Survey
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis
-
Doctor Philosophy
Gravitational wave cosmology
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis
-
Doctor Philosophy
Direct detection of dark matter and exotic physics through atomic systems
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Associate Professor Jacinda Ginges, Dr Benjamin Roberts
Completed supervision
-
2025
Doctor Philosophy
Using the motions of galaxies to probe fundamental physics
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis
-
2025
Doctor Philosophy
Completing the Puzzle: Unveiling Clues for Gravitational Wave Astrophysics and Cosmology with Simulations
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis
-
2023
Doctor Philosophy
Whispers from the Big Bang-Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Power Spectra
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis
-
2026
Doctor Philosophy
Cosmological constraints with large-scale structure: from LambdaCDM to light relics
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Tamara Davis
Media
Enquiries
Contact Dr Cullan Howlett directly for media enquiries about:
- Astronomy
- Astrophysics
- Cosmology
- Dark energy
- Dark matter
Need help?
For help with finding experts, story ideas and media enquiries, contact our Media team: