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2026 Newspaper Article Words (don’t come easy): characterisation of lethal autonomous weapon systemsLiivoja, Rain (2026, 10 05). Words (don’t come easy): characterisation of lethal autonomous weapon systems Opinio Juris |
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2026 Newspaper Article Symposium on the CCW GGE LAWS — The end of the beginning: an introductionDorsey, Jessica, Liivoja, Rain, Goussac, Netta, Longworth, Sally and Andersson, Anna (2026, 10 05). Symposium on the CCW GGE LAWS — The end of the beginning: an introduction Opinio Juris |
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2026 Newspaper Article CyCon comes of (AI) ageLiivoja, Rain (2026, 09 04). CyCon comes of (AI) age Articles of War |
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2026 Newspaper Article Crunch time for the discussion about autonomous weaponsLiivoja, Rain (2026, 08 27). Crunch time for the discussion about autonomous weapons Opinio Juris |
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2026 Newspaper Article Legal reviews of military AI: essential but insufficientGoussac, Netta and Liivoja, Rain (2026, 07 20). Legal reviews of military AI: essential but insufficient Opinio Juris |
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2026 Conference Publication The law of armed conflict and the use of decision support systems in targetingMcKenzie, Simon and Liivoja, Rain (2026). The law of armed conflict and the use of decision support systems in targeting. Navigating Stormy Seas: People, Place and Perspectives in International Law — 33rd ANZSIL Annual Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 1-3 July 2026. |
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2026 Journal Article Predictability in the governance of autonomous weapon systemsLiivoja, Rain (2026). Predictability in the governance of autonomous weapon systems. Australian Army Journal, 166-183. doi: 10.61451/220410 |
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2025 Book Chapter Civilian or military justice? Dealing with criminal offences of defence force membersDuxbury, Alison and Liivoja, Rain (2025). Civilian or military justice? Dealing with criminal offences of defence force members. Controlling the Administrative State: Essays in Honour of Matthew Groves. (pp. 275-296) edited by Mark Aronson and Greg Weeks. Oxford, United Kingdom: Hart. doi: 10.5040/9781509975532.ch-013 |
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2025 Other Outputs Progressing the Legal Review of Autonomous Weapon Systems: Report of an Expert Meeting (Geneva, 10–11 March 2025)Copeland, Damian and Liivoja, Rain (2025). Progressing the Legal Review of Autonomous Weapon Systems: Report of an Expert Meeting (Geneva, 10–11 March 2025). Sydney: Asia-Pacific Institute for Law and Security. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16924491 |
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2025 Newspaper Article CyCon 2025 Series – Legal reviews of military artificial intelligence capabilitiesGoussac, Netta and Liivoja, Rain (2025, 08 25). CyCon 2025 Series – Legal reviews of military artificial intelligence capabilities Articles of War |
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2025 Journal Article Cybersecurity of weapon systems: international law requirements and technical standardsKajander, Aleksi, Liivoja, Rain and Naagel, Maarja (2025). Cybersecurity of weapon systems: international law requirements and technical standards. Journal of Cybersecurity, 11 (1) tyaf017, 1-15. doi: 10.1093/cybsec/tyaf017 |
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2025 Other Outputs Principles of responsible military artificial intelligence and applicable international lawLiivoja, Rain (2025). Principles of responsible military artificial intelligence and applicable international law. GC REAIM Expert Policy Note Series The Hague, Netherlands: Global Commission on Responsible Artificial Intelligence in the Military Domain. |
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2025 Book Law, language, and warfareRussell Buchan, Emily Crawford and Rain Liivoja eds. (2025). Law, language, and warfare. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. doi: 10.1163/9789004712478 |
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2025 Book Chapter Law and ethics in the governance of AI-enabled military systemsLiivoja, Rain (2025). Law and ethics in the governance of AI-enabled military systems. Adaptive defence: navigating the changing landscape of modern warfare. (pp. 141-152) edited by Chinoy, Sujan and Singh, Rajneesh. New Delhi, India: Pentagon Press. |
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2025 Book Chapter The desire for value consensus in international law: architectural aspirations of global institutionsWang, Brydon T. and Liivoja, Rain (2025). The desire for value consensus in international law: architectural aspirations of global institutions. International Law and Architecture. (pp. 174-198) edited by Renske Vos, Sofia Stolk and Miriam Bak McKenna. Cheltenham, United Kingdom: Edward Elgar. doi: 10.4337/9781035339495.00020 |
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2025 Book Implementation guide for the Convention on Certain Conventional WeaponsLiivoja, Rain, Sanders, Lauren and Saultry, Penny (2025). Implementation guide for the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. Geneva, Switzerland: United Nations. |
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2024 Conference Publication Law and ethics in the governance of AI-enabled military systemsLiivoja, Rain (2024). Law and ethics in the governance of AI-enabled military systems. Delhi Defence Dialogue 2024 — Adaptive Defence: Navigating the Changing Landscape of Modern Warfare, New Delhi, India, 12-13 November 2024. |
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2024 Journal Article EditorialBuchan, Russell, Crawford, Emily and Liivoja, Rain (2024). Editorial. Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies, 15 (2), 201-202. doi: 10.1163/18781527-15020001 |
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2024 Newspaper Article REAIM Summit 2024: slowly but surely towards better governance of military artificial intelligence? From The Hague to SeoulSanders, Lauren, Liivoja, Rain and Assaad, Zena (2024, 10 31). REAIM Summit 2024: slowly but surely towards better governance of military artificial intelligence? From The Hague to Seoul ANZSIL Perspective |
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2024 Other Outputs A framework for human decision-making through the lifecycle of autonomous and intelligent systems in defense applicationsAllik, Sten, Azafrani, Rachel, Barnes, David, Bode, Ingvild, Conn, Ariel, Lach, Eileen M., Lennon, Craig, Liivoja, Rain, Shanahan, John, Stephens, Melodena, Titus, Lisa and Wagner, Alan R. (2024). A framework for human decision-making through the lifecycle of autonomous and intelligent systems in defense applications. New York, NY United States: IEEE SA. |
