Overview
Background
Venoms play a range of adaptive roles in the animal kingdom from predation to defense to competitor deterrence. Remarkably, despite their biological importance and uniqueness, the evolution of venom systems is poorly understood. New insights into the evolution of venom systems and the importance of the associated toxins cannot be advanced without recognition of the true biochemical, ecological, morphological and pharmacological diversity of venoms and associated venom systems. A major limitation has been the very narrow taxonomical range studied. Entire groups of venomous animals remain virtually unstudied. My research is inherently interdisciplinary, integrating ecological, evolutionary, and functional genomics approaches in order to understand the evolution of venom systems. Studies range from discovering the shock-inducing hypotensive and anticoagulant venom of the iconic Komodo Dragon through to exploring the unique temperature specific adaptations of Antarctic octopus venoms.
Availability
- Professor Bryan Fry is:
- Available for supervision
- Media expert
Fields of research
Qualifications
- Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Queensland
Works
Search Professor Bryan Fry’s works on UQ eSpace
2026
Journal Article
The sting that clots: the Factor VII and Factor X activating procoagulant effects of Androctonus scorpion venoms are potentiated by Factor Va as a cofactor
Campbell, Sam I.D., Seneci, Lorenzo, Jones, Lee, Champagne, Patrick S. and Fry, Bryan G. (2026). The sting that clots: the Factor VII and Factor X activating procoagulant effects of Androctonus scorpion venoms are potentiated by Factor Va as a cofactor. Biochimie, 245, 31-39. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2026.02.018
2026
Journal Article
Pirates of the coagulase: Clinical implications of dramatic ontogenetic shifts in Yellow Beard (Bothrops atrox) lancehead pitviper Factor Va-mediated venom activation of blood clotting factors
Jordan, Katherine, Champagne, Patrick S., Seneci, Lorenzo and Fry, Bryan G. (2026). Pirates of the coagulase: Clinical implications of dramatic ontogenetic shifts in Yellow Beard (Bothrops atrox) lancehead pitviper Factor Va-mediated venom activation of blood clotting factors. Toxicon, 274 109025, 109025-274. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2026.109025
2026
Journal Article
Heavy metal predators: diverse elemental enrichment across the weapons of scorpions
Campbell, Sam I. D., Vicenzi, Edward P., Lam, Thomas, Fry, Bryan G. and Wood, Hannah M. (2026). Heavy metal predators: diverse elemental enrichment across the weapons of scorpions. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 23 (237) 20250523. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2025.0523
2026
Journal Article
Beyond Blast Injury: Occupational Hygiene, Safety, and Toxicology Considerations for Mixed-Metal and Energetic-Chemical Exposures to Explosive Ordnance Disposal Personnel
Fry, Bryan G., Johnstone, Kelly and Pizzino, Stacey (2026). Beyond Blast Injury: Occupational Hygiene, Safety, and Toxicology Considerations for Mixed-Metal and Energetic-Chemical Exposures to Explosive Ordnance Disposal Personnel. Toxics, 14 (5), 379. doi: 10.3390/toxics14050379
2026
Journal Article
Azemiops feae (Fea’s Viper) Envenoming: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Qiao, Zichen, Tang, Yong, Zhou, Qianshun and Fry, Bryan G. (2026). Azemiops feae (Fea’s Viper) Envenoming: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Toxins, 18 (5), 201. doi: 10.3390/toxins18050201
2026
Journal Article
Hemostatic hellfire: Rhabdophis helleri (Red-necked Keelback) snake venom pathophysiologically activates Factor VII and Factor X through novel uses of the clotting cofactors calcium, phospholipid, and Factor Va
Champagne, Patrick S., Seneci, Lorenzo, Casewell, Nicholas R. and Fry, Bryan G. (2026). Hemostatic hellfire: Rhabdophis helleri (Red-necked Keelback) snake venom pathophysiologically activates Factor VII and Factor X through novel uses of the clotting cofactors calcium, phospholipid, and Factor Va. Toxicon, 271 108970, 108970. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108970
2026
Journal Article
The hills are alive with the sound of venom: Clinical implications of intraspecific variations in Factor Va mediated activations of Factor VII and Factor X in Swiss populations of Vipera aspis (Asp Viper)
Kempson, Katrina, Champagne, Patrick S., Seneci, Lorenzo, Jones, Lee, Ursenbacher, Sylvain, Dubey, Sylvain, Joudrier, Nicolas, Aldridge, Matt, Soria, Raul and Fry, Bryan G. (2026). The hills are alive with the sound of venom: Clinical implications of intraspecific variations in Factor Va mediated activations of Factor VII and Factor X in Swiss populations of Vipera aspis (Asp Viper). Biochimie, 244, 106-116. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2026.02.009
2026
Journal Article
Deadly innovations: Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of phospholipases A2 toxins in viperid snake venoms
Seneci, Lorenzo, Suranse, Vivek, Mancuso, Marco, Senoner, Tobias, Xie, Bing, Koludarov, Ivan, Sunagar, Kartik and Fry, Bryan G. (2026). Deadly innovations: Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of phospholipases A2 toxins in viperid snake venoms. Biochimie, 240, 137-152. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2025.10.010
2026
Journal Article
The shifting sands of venom: Divergent blood clotting factor activation pathways and differential Factor Va co-factor dependence for the venoms of Middle Eastern desert vipers (Eristicophis and Pseudocerastes species)
Champagne, Patrick S., Seneci, Lorenzo, Fathinia, Behzad, Ghezellou, Parviz, Ali, Syed A. and Fry, Bryan G. (2026). The shifting sands of venom: Divergent blood clotting factor activation pathways and differential Factor Va co-factor dependence for the venoms of Middle Eastern desert vipers (Eristicophis and Pseudocerastes species). Biochimie, 243, 112-126. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2026.01.011
2025
Journal Article
First documented cases of envenomations in mainland China by Ovophis species (mountain pitvipers): severe coagulopathy and variable antivenom response in two patients from Yunnan Province
Qiao, Zichen, Tang, Yong, Shang, Aobo, Tao, You and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). First documented cases of envenomations in mainland China by Ovophis species (mountain pitvipers): severe coagulopathy and variable antivenom response in two patients from Yunnan Province. Toxicon, 267 108583, 1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108583
2025
Journal Article
Context makes the clot: evolutionary and translational mismatches in snake venom thrombin-like enzyme-induced fibrin-clot formation between human and diverse animal plasmas
Fry, Bryan G., Morecroft, Holly and Chowdhury, Abhinandan (2025). Context makes the clot: evolutionary and translational mismatches in snake venom thrombin-like enzyme-induced fibrin-clot formation between human and diverse animal plasmas. Toxicon, 267 108584, 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108584
2025
Journal Article
The X Factor: Regional differences in the level of ontogenetic variations in procoagulant venom activity in the Northwestern Neotropical Rattlesnake (Crotalus culminatus)
Seneci, Lorenzo, Chandrasekara, Uthpala, Chowdhury, Abhinandan, Zarzosa, Vanessa, Guadarrama-Martínez, Alid, Neri-Castro, Edgar, Alagón, Alejandro, Soria, Raul and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). The X Factor: Regional differences in the level of ontogenetic variations in procoagulant venom activity in the Northwestern Neotropical Rattlesnake (Crotalus culminatus). Biochimie, 237, 138-149. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2025.07.015
2025
Journal Article
Sometimes size does matter: anticoagulant pathophysiological effects of Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake (Crotalus pyrrhus) venoms are dichotomous by body size
Qiao, Zichen, Cochran, Chip, Chowdhury, Abhinandan, Bourke, Lachlan A., Seneci, Lorenzo and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). Sometimes size does matter: anticoagulant pathophysiological effects of Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake (Crotalus pyrrhus) venoms are dichotomous by body size. Biochimie, 237, 40-53. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2025.07.012
2025
Journal Article
Neurotoxic sleight of fang: differential antivenom efficacy against mamba (Dendroaspis spp.) venom spastic-paralysis presynaptic/synaptic vs. flaccid-paralysis postsynaptic effects
Jones, Lee, Lay, Mimi, Seneci, Lorenzo, Hodgson, Wayne C., Koludarov, Ivan, Senoner, Tobias, Soria, Raul and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). Neurotoxic sleight of fang: differential antivenom efficacy against mamba (Dendroaspis spp.) venom spastic-paralysis presynaptic/synaptic vs. flaccid-paralysis postsynaptic effects. Toxins, 17 (10) 481, 1-19. doi: 10.3390/toxins17100481
2025
Other Outputs
80 years since the end of World War II, a dangerous legacy lingers in the Pacific
Pizzino, Stacey and Fry, Bryan G. (2025, 09 02). 80 years since the end of World War II, a dangerous legacy lingers in the Pacific The Conversation doi: 10.64628/AA.paekesk4u
2025
Journal Article
Tailored toxins: coagulotoxic variations in Atropoides, Cerrophidion, Metlapilcoatlus, and Porthidium viperid venoms against diverse vertebrate plasmas
Jones, Lee, Neri-Castro, Edgar, Youngman, Nicholas J., Llinas, Joshua, Haworth, Mark, Gillett, Amber and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). Tailored toxins: coagulotoxic variations in Atropoides, Cerrophidion, Metlapilcoatlus, and Porthidium viperid venoms against diverse vertebrate plasmas. Toxicon, 264 108453, 108453. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108453
2025
Journal Article
X marks the clot: Evolutionary and clinical implications of divergences in procoagulant Australian elapid snake venoms
Morecroft, Holly, Zdenek, Christina N., Chowdhury, Abhinandan, Dunstan, Nathan, Hay, Chris and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). X marks the clot: Evolutionary and clinical implications of divergences in procoagulant Australian elapid snake venoms. Toxins, 17 (8) 417, 1-20. doi: 10.3390/toxins17080417
2025
Journal Article
Heating up the blunts: prothrombin activation, with factor Va as an obligate cofactor, is the dominant procoagulant mechanism of blunt-nosed viper venoms (Macrovipera species)
Champagne, Patrick S., Seneci, Lorenzo and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). Heating up the blunts: prothrombin activation, with factor Va as an obligate cofactor, is the dominant procoagulant mechanism of blunt-nosed viper venoms (Macrovipera species). Toxins, 17 (8) 398. doi: 10.3390/toxins17080398
2025
Journal Article
Make acetylcholine great again! Australian skinks evolved multiple neurotoxin-proof nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in defiance of snake venom
Chandrasekara, Uthpala, Mancuso, Marco, Shea, Glenn, Jones, Lee, Kwiatkowski, Jacek, Trembath, Dane, Chowdhury, Abhinandan, Bertozzi, Terry, Gardner, Michael G., Hoskin, Conrad J., Zdenek, Christina N. and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). Make acetylcholine great again! Australian skinks evolved multiple neurotoxin-proof nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in defiance of snake venom. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26 (15) 7510, 1-20. doi: 10.3390/ijms26157510
2025
Journal Article
Ontogenetic variation in coagulotoxic activity and antivenom efficacy of Central American pit viper venoms (Cerrophidion, Metlapilcoatlus, Ophryacus and Porthidium)
Jones, Lee, Neri-Castro, Edgar, García-Vázquez, Uri O. and Fry, Bryan G. (2025). Ontogenetic variation in coagulotoxic activity and antivenom efficacy of Central American pit viper venoms (Cerrophidion, Metlapilcoatlus, Ophryacus and Porthidium). Biochimie, 235, 49-58. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2025.05.009
Funding
Current funding
Supervision
Availability
- Professor Bryan Fry is:
- Available for supervision
Looking for a supervisor? Read our advice on how to choose a supervisor.
Supervision history
Current supervision
-
Master Philosophy
Comparing Clotting Factor Activation in Bothrops species
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Dr Andrew Walker
-
Doctor Philosophy
Evolutionary and clinical implications of differential pathophysiological effects of rattlesnake venoms upon blood coagulation, cell function, and nerve transmission.
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Dr Andrew Walker
-
Doctor Philosophy
Integrated analysis of scorpion venom and morphological evolution
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Glenn King, Dr Sam Robinson
-
Doctor Philosophy
Phylogenetic patterns of clotting factor activation diversity of procoagulant snakes, with perspectives on ecological implications and preclinical insights
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Jianxin Zhao
Completed supervision
-
2025
Doctor Philosophy
Clinical and ecological implications of venom variation in Latin American pitvipers
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Dr Andrew Walker
-
2025
Doctor Philosophy
Pathophysiological actions of elapid snake venom on prey and human targets
Principal Advisor
-
2025
Doctor Philosophy
Clinical implications and evolutionary insights of Latin American pit viper venom function
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Dr Fernanda Cardoso, Dr Andrew Walker
-
2023
Doctor Philosophy
Therapeutic options for divergent snake venom.
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Dr Mary-Louise Roy Manchadi
-
2023
Doctor Philosophy
Coagulotoxicity and neurotoxicity variation in Bitis venoms: Evolutionary, pathophysiological and biodiscovery implications
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Dr Andrew Walker
-
2022
Doctor Philosophy
The Co-Evolutionary Dynamics of alpha-Neurotoxic Snake Venoms and their Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Targets
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Dr Andrew Walker
-
2022
Doctor Philosophy
Evolution and Diversification of the Anguimorphan Lizard Venom System
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Irina Vetter
-
2020
Doctor Philosophy
Characterising venom variation and antivenom effectiveness within the "True" vipers (Viperinae: Viperidae)
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Irina Vetter
-
2020
Doctor Philosophy
Effects of Australian snake venoms on coagulation: Differential potency, biochemistry, and antivenom efficacy
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Irina Vetter
-
2020
Doctor Philosophy
Novelty in three-finger toxin evolution
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Irina Vetter
-
2019
Doctor Philosophy
Tarantulas of Australia: phylogenetics and venomics
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Glenn King, Associate Professor Lyn Cook
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2019
Doctor Philosophy
A Blood Bond: Evolutionary, Pathophysiological and Biodiscovery implications of coagulotoxic snake venoms
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Irina Vetter
-
2018
Doctor Philosophy
Evolution of the venom system in aculeate hymenoptera
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Irina Vetter
-
2017
Doctor Philosophy
An investigation of the evolution of the Anguimorph lizard venom system
Principal Advisor
-
2016
Doctor Philosophy
A philosophical and empirical investigation of the evolution of the toxicoferan reptile venom system
Principal Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Irina Vetter, Professor Glenn King
-
2016
Doctor Philosophy
Evolution and diversification of the cnidarian venom system
Principal Advisor
-
2014
Doctor Philosophy
Centipede Venom Evolution: Casting light on a neglected group of venomous animals
Associate Advisor
Other advisors: Professor Glenn King
Media
Enquiries
Contact Professor Bryan Fry directly for media enquiries about:
- Animal venoms
- Antivenoms
- Biodiscovery
- Drug design
- Venom
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